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. 2020 Jan 17;10:1534. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01534

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Copyright © 2020 Suresh, Rajvanshi and Noguchi.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Pleiotropic effects of erythropoietin. High level of EPOR on erythroid progenitor cells accounts for the sensitive erythropoietic response in the bone marrow to hypoxic induction of EPO. EPOR expression determines EPO response and expression beyond erythroid tissue provides for EPO response in non-hematopoietic tissues that include the following: brain for a neuroprotective and metabolic response; cardiovascular system for regulating vascular tone and oxygen delivery in endothelium and protection in heart against ischemic injury; skeletal muscle for muscle maintenance and repair; white adipose tissue for protection for inflammation associated with diet-induced obesity and fat mass accumulation, particularly in males; and bone remodeling.