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. 2019 Apr 9;16(1):86–105. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1598751

Figure 12.

Figure 12.

ULK1 is required for hepatoprotection against lipotoxicity via activation of the SQSTM1-NFE2L2-KEAP1 pathway and mitophagy. B6 mice were maintained in a non-fasted state (NFa) or fasted overnight and then refed a high-carbohydrate, fat-free diet (Fa/R). (a) Immunoblot analysis of liver tissues with antibodies against KEAP1, p-ULK1, ULK1, MFN1, TOMM20 and ACTB (loading control). (b) qRT-PCR analysis of Ulk1 mRNA and densitometric analysis of MFN1 immunoblot were performed. (c) Densitometric analysis of KEAP1 and TOMM20 immunoblots were performed. (d) Liver sections of mice were stained using H&E. CV, central vein. Scale bar: 200 μm. (e) Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were measured in mice. (f) Images from TUNEL analysis of liver sections from mice. Scale bar: 200 μm. (g) Quantitative analysis of TUNEL-positive cells. qRT-PCR analysis of Keap1, Nqo1, (h) Hmox1, and Gsta1 (i) mRNA. Data are means ± standard errors for eight or nine mice per group. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01. N.S, not significant. Data are presented relative to the corresponding values for non-fasted mice and are means ± standard errors for 8 or 9 mice per group.