Table 2. Patient characteristics and preoperative laboratory data.
| VA ECMO | VV ECMO | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patients [n] | 606 | 457 | - |
| Females [n; %] | 170; 28 | 141; 31 | p = 0.092 |
| Age [years] | 60.4 (51.3–68.4) | 54.8 (44.1–63.7) | p≤0.001 |
| SOFA Score | 12.0 (9.0–14.0) | 12.0 (9.0–15.0) | p = 0.815 |
| BMI [kg * m-2] | 26.7 (24.2–30.1) | 27.7 (24.2–33.1) | p≤0.001 |
| ARF [n; %] | 102; 17 | 96; 21 | p = 0.099 |
| NE [μg/kg/min] | 0.30 (0.14–0.64) | 0.31 (0.13–0.60) | p = 0.950 |
| aPTT [sec] | 53 (37–103) | 42 (35–53) | p≤0.001 |
| FHb pre [mg/l] | 225 (89–458) | 72 (42–138) | p≤0.001 |
| LDH pre [U/l] | 483.0 (281.0–860.0) | 397.5 (265.5–637.8) | p≤0.001 |
| Bilirubin pre [mg/dl] | 0.7 (0.4–1.3) | 0.8 (0.5–1.9) | p≤0.001 |
| CRP pre [mg/l] | 17.5 (4.0–80.3) | 140.0 (42.5–250.0) | p≤0.001 |
| TNF-α pre [pg/ml] | 15.0 (10.0–23.0) | 24.5 (14.0–47.0) | p≤0.001 |
| IL-6 pre [pg/ml] | 409.0 (149.0–1520.0) | 464.0 (100.5–4620.0) | p = 0.433 |
| Platelets pre [/nl] | 176.0 (123.0–240.5) | 175.0 (109.0–253.0) | p = 0.823 |
| ECMO indication: | |||
| ECPR [n; %] | 293; 48 | - | - |
| fHb pre [mg/l] | 289 (141–552) | ||
| CS [n; %] | 254; 42 | - | - |
| fHb pre [mg/l] | 129 (61–286) a | ||
| NWCPB [n; %] | 59; 10 | - | - |
| fHb pre [mg/l] | 282 (113–602) | ||
| Pulm. ALF [n; %] | - | 327; 71 | - |
| fHb pre [mg/l] | 65 (40–119) | ||
| Extrapulm. ALF [n; %] | - | 131; 29 | - |
| fHb pre [mg/l] | 100 (50–189) b |
Data are shown as median (interquartile range); except for patient number, female gender, and ECMO indication (n; %). ALF, acute lung failure; BMI, Body mass index; ARF, acute renal failure; NE, Norepinephrine; aPTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; CRP, C-reactive protein; CS, cardiogenic shock: ECPR: extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation; fHb: free plasma hemoglobin; IL-6, interleukin-6; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment); TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor; NWCPB, no weaning from cardio-pulmonary bypass; ALF, acute lung failure. Pulmonary ALF: bacterial, viral, fungal, aspiration pneumonia, ALF not post trauma, other pathologies (e.g. pulmonary fibrosis, near drowning). Extrapulmonary ALF: ALF post trauma, surgery, chemotherapy.
a, fHb pre from CS was significantly lower compared to ECPR and NWCPB, p≤0.001;
b, fHb pre from extrapulmonary ALF was significantly higher than from pulmonary ALF, p = 0.002.