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Schematic diagram of the mechanism of action of ASB in UV-induced photo-damage in HaCaT cells. UV, ultraviolet; ASB, androgra-pholide sodium bisulfite; ROS, reactive oxygen species; keap1, kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1; Nrf2, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2; IL, interleukin; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; GCLC, glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit; NQO1, NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1; IκBα, NF-κB inhibitor-α; ARE, antioxidant response element.
