TABLE 2.
Demographics, Tumor Characteristics, and Neoadjuvant Treatment Data of Resected and Non-resected Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Patients
| Variable | All Patients (n = 415) | Resected (n = 84) | Non-resected (n = 331) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male, n (%) | 195 (47%) | 36 (43%) | 159 (48%) | 0.396 |
| Age, years | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 65.2 (10.1) | 63.3 (9.1) | 65.6 (10.3) | 0.050 |
| ECOG performance status, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| ECOG 0 | 131 (32%) | 42 (50%) | 89 (27%) | |
| ECOG 1 | 260 (63%) | 42 (50%) | 218 (66%) | |
| ECOG 2 | 21 (5%) | 0 (0%) | 21 (6%) | |
| ECOG 3 | 3 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (1%) | |
| CT-scan characteristics, n (%) | ||||
| Tumor size, mm, mean (SD) | 38 (14) | 35 (11) | 39 (15) | 0.029 |
| Regional lymphadenopathy, n (%) | 111 (27%) | 24 (29%) | 87 (26%) | 0.672 |
| GI involvement, n (%) | 91 (22%) | 10 (12%) | 81 (25%) | 0.013 |
| Duodenum | 68 (75%) | 6 (60%) | 62 (77%) | |
| Stomach | 22 (24%) | 3 (30%) | 19 (23%) | 0.987 |
| Small bowel | 1 (1%) | 1 (10%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Tumor site, n (%) | 0.002 | |||
| Head | 174 (42%) | 33 (39%) | 141 (43%) | |
| Uncinate | 62 (15%) | 13 (16%) | 49 (15%) | |
| Neck | 51 (12%) | 11 (13%) | 40 (12%) | |
| Body | 115 (28%) | 24 (29%) | 91 (28%) | |
| Tail | 13 (3%) | 3 (4%) | 10 (3%) | |
| Atrophy of the pancreas, n (%) | 258 (62%) | 40 (48%) | 218 (66%) | |
| CA 19–9 at PMDC* (U/ml) | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 181 (56–628) | 72 (35–268) | 206 (72–693) | <0.001 |
| Final neoadjuvant CHT, n (%) | 378 (91%) | 84 (100%) | 294 (89%) | 0.001 |
| Stratified, n (%) | ||||
| FFX-based | 189 (50%) | 53 (63%) | 136 (46%) | 0.018† |
| FFX-gemcitabine combination | 72 (19%) | 14 (17%) | 58 (20%) | |
| Gemcitabine-based | 117 (31%) | 17 (20%) | 100 (34%) | |
| Time of therapy administered, mo | <0.001 | |||
| Median (IQR) | 4 (3–6) | 5 (4–6) | 4 (3–6) | |
| Final neoadjuvant RT, n (%) | 222 (54%) | 81 (96%) | 141 (43%) | <0.001 |
| Modality, n (%) | ||||
| SBRT | 160 (72%) | 67 (80%) | 93 (66%) | |
| IMRT/EBRT | 62 (28%) | 14 (17%) | 48 (34%) | |
Thirty patients had CA 19–9 = 1 (not expressing the Lewis antigen).
Post hoc analysis (resected vs non-resected): FFX-based and Gemcitabine-based: P = 0.006, FFX-gemcitabine combination and gemcitabine-based: P = 0.376, FFX-based and FFX-gemcitabine combination: P = 0.155.
CA 19–9 indicates cancer antigen 19–9; CHT, chemotherapy; CT, computed tomography; EBRT, external beam radiation therapy; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; FFX, FOLFIRINOX; IMRT, intensity-modulated radiation therapy; IQR, interquartile range; PMDC, pancreatic multidisciplinary clinic; RT, radiation therapy; SBRT, stereotactic body radiation therapy; SD, standard deviation.