Perceived importance of public engagement. (A) Percentage of scientists rating public engagement as highly important (“very” or “extremely”) to the university stakeholders. (B) Ordinary least-squares regression predicting perceived importance of engagement. Compared to their colleagues, younger career scientists were more likely to rate engagement as more important for themselves, their chairs, and their colleagues. (Importance measured on 5-point scale: 1, “not at all”; 2, “slightly”; 3, “moderately”; 4, “very”; 5, “extremely.”)