Table 1.

Effect of ERβ signaling on histamine-induced [Ca²⁺]_i response through L-type calcium channel inhibition

Treatment Groups	AUC ± SE (−Nifedipine)	AUC ± SE (+Nifedipine)
Vehicle	5,150.18 ± 127.83	3,268.98 ± 175.17*
WAY	4,798.59 ± 225.98	2,804.56 ± 340.72*
TNF-α	9,684.00 ± 315.96	7,780.38 ± 37.45#
WAY + TNF-α	5,039.17 ± 210.63	2,522.55 ± 211.08†§
IL-13	9,131.13 ± 250.73	7,392.80 ± 213.06#
WAY + IL-13	5303.31 ± 163.01	2734.72 ± 190.93†§

Data are presented as means ± SE; n = 7 patients. Human nonasthmatic airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells exposed to TNF-α or IL-13 in the presence of WAY, were subjected to intracellular Ca²⁺ ([Ca²⁺]_i) response to histamine, and comparisons of their area under the curve (AUC) were obtained with blunting effect of L-type calcium channel (LTCC) inhibitor nifedipine (1 µM, 20 min).

^*P ≤ 0.05, vs. vehicle or WAY (nifedipine effect),

^#P < 0.001 vs. respective cytokines (nifedipine effect).

^†P < 0.001 vs. WAY + cytokines (nifedipine effect).

^§P < 0.001 vs. cytokines + nifedipine (WAY effect).