Table 6.

Morphology of proximal jejunum of weanling pigs fed the positive control diet (PC), the negative control diet (NC), or diets containing different doses of C. butyricum (CB)^1,2

	Treatment						P-value
Item	PC	NC	NC + 1,250 cfu	NC + 2,500 cfu	NC + 3,500 cfu	SEM	Linear	Quad3	NC vs. CB	PC vs. CB	PC vs. NC
Villus height, µm	442.5	488.6	491.4	528.3	446.4	27.78	0.448	0.080	0.997	0.084	0.156
Crypt depth, µm	234.6	200.7	228.7	236.8	199.5	54.96	0.831	0.022	0.177	0.424	0.080
VH:CD4	2.37	2.87	2.66	2.63	2.63	0.740	0.378	0.599	0.295	0.228	0.068
Villus width at top, µm	118.6	115.9	111.9	125.3	121.9	3.430	0.130	0.964	0.474	0.969	0.578
Villus width at bottom, µm	138.9	135.7	135.0	151.7	143.8	5.190	0.072	0.649	0.199	0.450	0.659
Lamina propia, µm	48.5	46.4	43.9	48.1	49.7	2.957	0.299	0.430	0.809	0.720	0.624

¹Each least squares mean represents 11 observations.

² C. butyricum was added to provide 1,250 × 10⁸, 2,500 10⁸, or 3,500 × 10⁸ cfu/kg of complete diet.

³Quad, quadratic effect.

⁴VH:CD, villus height:crypt depth.