Table 2. Healthcare expenses and DALYs associated with ACEs exposure in California.
| Condition # of ACEs | ACES-Associated Fractiona (%) | Healthcare Spending Associated with ACEs ($) | Health Burden Associated with ACES (DALYs) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Health Risk Factors | |||
| Heavy Drinking | |||
| 1 | 3.86 | 41,605,749 | |
| 2–3 | 6.00 | 64,659,817 | |
| 4+ | 5.80 | 62,504,490 | |
| ACEs Exposure | 15.66 | 168,770,056 | |
| Lifetime Smoking | |||
| 1 | 4.56 | 517,126 | |
| 2–3 | 7.14 | 809,624 | |
| 4+ | 7.17 | 813,105 | |
| ACEs Exposure | 18.87 | 2,139,855 | |
| Obesity | |||
| 1 | 0.82 | 4,753,194 | |
| 2–3 | 2.42 | 13,980,454 | |
| 4+ | 3.62 | 20,881,178 | |
| ACEs Exposure | 6.87 | 39,614,826 | |
| Health Conditions | |||
| Arthritis | |||
| 1 | 3.09 | 182,938,456 | 2,370 |
| 2–3 | 4.34 | 256,702,397 | 3,325 |
| 4+ | 4.54 | 268,844,163 | 3,482 |
| Any ACEs | 11.98 | 708,485,016 | 9,177 |
| Asthma | |||
| 1 | 2.73 | 75,509,330 | 1,657 |
| 2–3 | 5.42 | 149,855,089 | 3,289 |
| 4+ | 6.36 | 175,852,408 | 3,859 |
| Any ACEs | 14.52 | 401,216,827 | 8,805 |
| COPD | |||
| 1 | 9.56 | 584,562,925 | 34,028 |
| 2–3 | 12.94 | 791,325,227 | 46,064 |
| 4+ | 8.91 | 545,006,035 | 31,725 |
| ACEs Exposure | 31.42 | 1,920,894,187 | 111,817 |
| CVD | |||
| 1 | 3.52 | 949,585,816 | 46,973 |
| 2–3 | 6.36 | 1,712,887,016 | 84,731 |
| 4+ | 6.59 | 1,776,789,510 | 87,892 |
| ACEs Exposure | 16.47 | 4,439,262,343 | 219,595 |
| Depression | |||
| 1 | 9.37 | 728,850,087 | 22,214 |
| 2–3 | 14.72 | 1,145,299,680 | 34,907 |
| 4+ | 11.73 | 912,039,220 | 27,798 |
| ACEs Exposure | 35.82 | 2,786,188,987 | 84,919 |
| All Outcomes | 10,466,572,097 | 434,313 |
a ACES-Associated Fractions taken from last column of Table 1.