Table 2.
RMS errors, 3D RMS error and percentage of time for motion errors exceeding 1.0 and 3.0 mm in simulation studies -- I. without noise in the 2D marker positions, II. with different levels of errors in 2D marker positions and III with an image acquisition frequency of every 0.3 sec, and in phantom experiments.
| Cases | Motion type | Motion range ([LR, AP, SI]) | RMS error (mm) | Percentage of time with 3D error > a threshold (mm) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T (mm) | R | LR | AP | SI | 3D | 1.0 | 3.0 | |||
| Simulation I | TM | [3.5, 7, 8] | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.00 | 0.5 | 5.0 | 0.0 | |
| RM | AP 28° | 6.9e-3 | 3.8e-3 | 8.0e-6 | 7.8e-3 | 0.0 | |||
| SI 28° | 7.4e-3 | 5.3e-3 | 1.1e-5 | 9.1e-3 | 0.0 | ||||
| TRM | [3.5, 7, 8] | AP 28° | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 5.0 | |||
| [3.5, 7, 8] | SI 28° | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 5.0 | ||||
| [3.5, 7, 8] | [24°,20°,40°] | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 5.0 | ||||
| Simulation II | TRM | [3.5, 7, 8] | [24°,20°,40°] with 2D noise (mm) ([μ, σ]) | [0, 0.22] | 1.1 | 1.2 | 0.1 | 1.6 | 54 | 10 |
| [0, 0.44] | 1.1 | 1.2 | 0.1 | 1.7 | 53 | 7.5 | |||
| [0, 0.388] | 1.1 | 1.2 | 0.2 | 1.6 | 56 | 7.5 | |||
| [0, 0.776] | 1.1 | 1.3 | 0.2 | 1.7 | 51 | 12 | |||
| Simulation III | TM | [1, 6, 8] | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1e03 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Phantom experiment | TM | [3.5, 7, 8] | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 1.2 | 31 | 5.0 | |
| RM | AP 28° | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 1.0 | 40 | 0.0 | ||
| SI 28° | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 10 | 0.0 | |||
| TRM | [3.5, 7, 8] | SI 28° | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 1.3 | 54 | 5.0 | ||