Table 1.
Patient and tumor characteristics, and surgery-related factors according to the incidence of anastomotic leakage after resection of colorectal carcinoma
| Characteristica | All patients (n = 256) |
Patients without anastomotic leak (n = 227) |
Patients with anastomotic leak (n = 29) |
P valueb |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 0.37 | |||
| ≤ 64 | 90 (35%) | 83 (36%) | 7 (24%) | |
| 65–74 | 84 (33%) | 72 (32%) | 12 (41%) | |
| ≥ 75 | 82 (32%) | 72 (32%) | 10 (35%) | |
| Sex | < 0.001 | |||
| Men | 152 (59%) | 127 (56%) | 25 (86%) | |
| Women | 104 (41%) | 100 (44%) | 4 (14%) | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 0.14 | |||
| < 30 | 247 (96%) | 218 (96%) | 29 (100%) | |
| ≥ 30 | 9 (3.5%) | 9 (4%) | 0 | |
| Diabetes | 0.99 | |||
| No | 212 (83%) | 188 (83%) | 24 (83%) | |
| Yes | 44 (17%) | 39 (17%) | 5 (17%) | |
| Serum albumin levels (g/dl) | 0.67 | |||
| < 3 | 21 (8.2%) | 18 (7.9%) | 3 (10%) | |
| ≥ 3 | 235 (92%) | 209 (92%) | 26 (90%) | |
| Tumor location | < 0.001 | |||
| Caecum, ascending colon, transverse colon | 83 (32%) | 78 (34%) | 5 (17%) | |
| Descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectosigmoid junction | 128 (50%) | 117 (52%) | 11 (38%) | |
| Rectum | 45 (18%) | 32 (14%) | 13 (45%) | |
| pT stage (depth of tumor invasion) | 0.49 | |||
| pT1–3 | 209 (82%) | 184 (81%) | 25 (86%) | |
| pT4 | 47 (18%) | 43 (19%) | 4 (14%) | |
| Lymph node metastasis | 0.72 | |||
| Negative | 160 (62%) | 141 (62%) | 19 (66%) | |
| Positive | 96 (38%) | 86 (38%) | 10 (34%) | |
| Distant metastasis | 0.23 | |||
| Negative | 210 (82%) | 184 (81%) | 26 (90%) | |
| Positive | 46 (18%) | 43 (19%) | 3 (10%) | |
| Surgical approach | 0.06 | |||
| Open or laparoscopy converted | 67 (26%) | 55 (24%) | 12 (41%) | |
| Laparoscopy | 189 (74%) | 172 (76%) | 17 (59%) | |
| Operating time (minutes) | 0.010 | |||
| < 240 | 62 (24%) | 60 (26%) | 2 (6.9%) | |
| ≥ 240 | 194 (76%) | 167 (74%) | 27 (93%) | |
| Intraoperative bleeding (mL) | 0.12 | |||
| < 300 | 198 (77%) | 179 (79%) | 19 (66%) | |
| ≥ 300 | 58 (23%) | 48 (21%) | 10 (34%) | |
| Diverting ileostomy | 0.32 | |||
| No | 234 (91%) | 209 (92%) | 25 (86%) | |
| Yes | 22 (8.6%) | 18 (7.9%) | 4 (14%) |
a
Percentage (%) indicates the proportion of cases with patient and tumor characteristics or surgery-related factors according to the incidence of anastomotic leakage.
b
To assess associations between the dichotomous category of the incidence of anastomotic leakage and categorical variables, the chi-square test was performed. All statistical tests were two-sided at α level of 0.005, considering the multiple comparisons and the consequent false positives.