Table 3.

Association between uncontrolled diastolic blood pressure and other factors

Factors	Univariate		Multivariate*
	OR (95% CI)	P-value	OR (95% CI)	P-value
Age (y)
<55	1.00 (ref)		1.00 (ref)
55–69	0.36 (0.27–0.48)	<0.001	0.45 (0.33–0.61)	<0.001
≥70	0.11 (0.07–0.16)	<0.001	0.15 (0.10–0.23)	<0.001
Sex (female)	0.66 (0.52–0.84)	0.001
Residential area (urban)	1.24 (0.92–1.68)	0.150
Education level (high school or higher)	1.94 (1.51–2.47)	<0.001
Occupation type
White-collar	1.00 (ref)		1.00 (ref)
Blue-collar	0.44 (0.30–0.62)	<0.001	0.66 (0.45–0.96)	0.029
No work	0.23 (0.16–0.32)	<0.001	0.55 (0.37–0.83)	0.004
House income (median or more)	1.70 (1.33–2.17)	<0.001
Spouse (yes)	1.95 (1.44–2.65)	<0.001
Stress (high)	1.11 (0.83–1.48)	0.477
Regular exercise (yes)	0.90 (0.70–1.16)	0.424
Sleep duration (<6 h)	0.91 (0.68–1.22)	0.522
Smoke (current)	1.29 (0.92–1.81)	0.145
Alcohol drinking (≥4 d/wk)	1.44 (0.97–2.14)	0.073
Heavy alcohol drinking (≥1 d/wk)	2.68 (2.02–3.55)	<0.001	1.62 (1.19–2.21)	0.002
Hypertension duration (y)
<10	1.00 (ref)
10–24	0.72 (0.55–0.93)	0.012
≥25	0.31 (0.14–0.67)	0.002
Diabetes	0.57 (0.41–0.79)	0.001	0.71 (0.51–0.99)	0.044
Myocardial infarction or angina	0.69 (0.41–1.17)	0.170
Stroke	1.04 (0.67–1.61)	0.876
Dyslipidemia	0.84 (0.65–1.01)	0.174
Thyroid disease	0.56 (0.24–1.29)	0.172
Depression	0.82 (0.48–1.42)	0.484
Chronic kidney disease	0.24 (0.03–1.75)	0.158
Liver cirrhosis	0.92 (0.22–3.95)	0.914
Antihypertensive medication on the day of examination (no)	1.98 (0.92–4.27)	0.082
Obesity (body mass index ≥25 kg/m2)	1.50 (1.18–1.92)	0.001
Abdominal obesity (yes)	0.99 (0.78–1.26)	0.940

OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; ref, reference.

^*A stepwise method, iteratively adding and removing predictors to find a subset of variables in a data set, was used with all factors.