Table 3.
Risk factors for co-prevalent active tuberculosis among 116,742 contacts of tuberculosis cases in congregate settings.
| Contacts Without | Contacts With | Unadjusted | Adjusted | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Co-prevalent TB, No. (%) | Co-prevalent TBa, No. (%) | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | p–value | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | p–value | |||
| Total | 116,623 | 119 | ||||||
| Index factors | ||||||||
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 70,744 | (99.9) | 83 | (0.1) | 1.49 (1.01–2.21) | 0.044 | 1.56 (1.05–2.33) | 0.026 |
| Female | 45,879 | (99.9) | 36 | (0.1) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Age, years | ||||||||
| 0–18 | 41,007 | (99.9) | 26 | (0.1) | Reference | |||
| 19–35 | 36,147 | (99.9) | 36 | (0.1) | 1.57 (0.94–2.60) | 0.079 | ||
| 36–64 | 23,815 | (99.8) | 37 | (0.2) | 2.45 (1.48–4.04) | 0.000 | ||
| ≥65 | 15,654 | (99.9) | 20 | (0.1) | 2.01 (1.12–3.61) | 0.019 | ||
| Sputum smear status | ||||||||
| Smear-positive | 62,265 | (99.9) | 89 | (0.1) | 2.75 (1.80–4.21) | 0.000 | 2.29 (1.45–3.59) | 0.000 |
| Smear-negative | 53,999 | (99.9) | 28 | (0.1) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Unknown | 359 | (99.4) | 2 | (0.6) | 10.74 (2.55–45.27) | 0.001 | 6.80 (1.59–29.12) | 0.010 |
| Cavities on chest radiograph | ||||||||
| Cavities | 29,264 | (99.9) | 43 | (0.1) | 1.67 (1.14–2.44) | 0.008 | ||
| No Cavities | 80,966 | (99.9) | 71 | (0.1) | Reference | |||
| Unknown | 6,393 | (99.9) | 5 | (0.1) | 0.89 (0.36–2.21) | 0.805 | ||
| Contact factors | ||||||||
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 62,402 | (99.9) | 70 | (0.1) | 1.24 (0.86–1.78) | 0.246 | ||
| Female | 54,221 | (99.9) | 49 | (0.1) | Reference | |||
| Age, years | ||||||||
| 0–18 | 45,103 | (99.9) | 30 | (0.1) | Reference | |||
| 19–35 | 34,087 | (99.9) | 30 | (0.1) | 1.32 (0.79–2.19) | 0.278 | ||
| 36–64 | 29,183 | (99.9) | 40 | (0.1) | 2.06 (1.28–3.30) | 0.003 | ||
| ≥65 | 8,250 | (99.8) | 19 | (0.2) | 3.46 (1.94–6.15) | 0.000 | ||
| Congregate settings | ||||||||
| Schools | 65,740 | (99.9) | 41 | (0.1) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Workplaces | 14,313 | (99.8) | 23 | (0.2) | 2.57 (1.54–4.29) | 0.000 | 1.66 (0.96–2.85) | 0.067 |
| Healthcare facilities | 18,364 | (99.8) | 36 | (0.2) | 3.14 (2.00–4.92) | 0.000 | 2.56 (1.62–4.06) | 0.000 |
| Social welfare facilities | 9,779 | (99.9) | 12 | (0.1) | 1.96 (1.03–3.74) | 0.039 | 1.69 (0.88–3.26) | 0.113 |
| Others | 8,427 | (99.9) | 7 | (0.1) | 1.33 (0.59–2.97) | 0.483 | 1.09 (0.48–2.44) | 0.829 |
| Type of contact | ||||||||
| Close contact | 51,225 | (99.9) | 61 | (0.1) | 1.40 (0.97–2.02) | 0.073 | ||
| Casual contact | 62,375 | (99.9) | 53 | (0.1) | Reference | |||
| Unknown | 3,023 | (99.8) | 5 | (0.2) | 1.94 (0.77–4.87) | 0.155 | ||
TB, tuberculosis; CI, confidence interval.
aContact diagnosed within 90 days after diagnosis of the index patient.