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. 2020 Jan 22;9:475. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00475

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Copyright © 2020 Tong, Zheng, Qing, Zhao, Li, Su, Zhang, Zhao, Luo and Liu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Oral microbiota community characteristics in high-risk individuals (Pre), RA patients and healthy controls (HCs). (A) Rarefaction curves showing the number of bacterial sequences obtained are saturated. Alpha diversity was calculated using Shannon diversity index (B), Ace community richness index (C), and the Faith's phylodiversity index (D), revealing a distinct feature in high-risk individuals. (E) Beta diversity demonstrated that samples clustered showed a tendency of gradual change from healthy subjects, high-risk individuals to RA patients. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01.