Table 2.
Clinical features and temporal discounting.
| Mean | SD | Range | |
|---|---|---|---|
| EDE-Q | – | – | – |
| Restraint | 2.61 | 1.80 | 0.00–6.00 |
| Eating concern | 2.25 | 1.82 | 0.00–6.00 |
| Shape concern | 3.65 | 1.86 | 0.00–6.00 |
| Weight concern | 3.26 | 1.89 | 0.00–6.00 |
| Global | 2.94 | 1.70 | 0.00–6.00 |
| Number of compulsive overeating episodes a | 6.13 | 12.88 | 0.00–100.00 |
| Number of compensatory behaviours b | 11.44 | 24.20 | 0.00–295.00 |
| YFAS | – | – | – |
| Continuous | 2.88 | 1.87 | 0.00–6.00 |
| Dichotomous (yes/no) | n = 143/289 | % = 33.1/66.9 | – |
| DASS-21 | – | – | – |
| Depression | 16.25 | 13.42 | 0.00–42.00 |
| Anxiety | 12.25 | 11.00 | 0.00–42.00 |
| Stress | 17.13 | 12.32 | 0.00–42.00 |
| Temporal discounting (DF)c | – | – | – |
| Accelerate | 0.37 | 0.33 | 0.00–1.00 |
| Delay | 0.34 | 0.29 | 0.00–1.00 |
| Global | 0.35 | 0.29 | 0.00–1.00 |
| Sqrt accelerate | 0.52 | 0.30 | 0.00–1.00 |
| Sqrt delay | 0.52 | 0.26 | 0.00–1.00 |
| Sqrt global | 0.52 | 0.26 | 0.00–1.00 |
SD, standard deviation; EDE-Q, Eating Disorders Examination-Questionnaire; YFAS, Yale Food Addiction Scale; DASS-21, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales 21; DF, discount factor; Sqrt, square-root transformed.
EDE-Q item 14: “On how many of these times did you have a sense of having lost control over your eating, at the time you were eating?” (Follows the question “Over the past 28 days, how many times have you eaten what other people would regard as an unusually large amount of food, given the circumstances)?
Sum of EDE-Q items 16, 17 and 18: “Over the past 28 days, how many times have you [Item 16] made yourself sick (vomit) as a means of controlling your shape or weight/[Item 17] taken laxatives as a means of controlling your shape or weight/[Item 18] exercised in a driven or compulsive way as a means of controlling your weight, shape or amount of fat, or to burn off calories?
Smaller discount factors indicate greater temporal discounting.