Table 1.
Demographic, clinical and volumetric measures of the brainstem in patients and controls
| Groups | n | Age (years) | Gender (male) [n (%)] | Disease duration (years) | Medulla | Pons | SCP | Midbrain | Whole brainstem |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | 42 | 65.3 (7.4) | 18 (43) | - | 0.37 (0.03) | 1.06 (0.09) | 0.02 (0.00) | 0.44 (0.03) | 1.88 (0.14) |
| APS-NOS | 7 | 72.5 (8.9) | 3 (43) | 4.4 (1.8) | 0.34 (0.02) | 1.04 (0.16) | 0.02 (0.00) | 0.42 (0.06) | 1.81 (0.23) |
| CBS | 14 | 64.3 (8.2) | 7 (50) | 5.0 (2.7) | 0.33 (0.03) | 0.91 (0.11) | 0.01 (0.00) | 0.38 (0.05) | 1.64 (0.19) |
| MSA | |||||||||
| MSA-C | 8 | 62.3 (8.1) | 6 (75) | 4.3 (2.9) | 0.30 (0.03) | 0.61 (0.17) | 0.01 (0.00) | 0.35 (0.04) | 1.27 (0.23) |
| MSA-P | 8 | 59.0 (10.8) | 6 (75) | 4.2 (1.5) | 0.31 (0.03) | 0.78 (0.16) | 0.01 (0.00) | 0.36 (0.02) | 1.47 (0.19) |
| PSP-RS | 12 | 64.6 (7.8) | 10 (83) | 2.7 (1.1) | 0.29 (0.04) | 0.86 (0.08) | 0.01 (0.00) | 0.33 (0.03) | 1.50 (0.14) |
| Variant PSP | 18 | 74.7 (5.5) | 10 (56) | 5.7 (2.1) | 0.30 (0.04) | 0.86 (0.13) | 0.01 (0.00) | 0.34 (0.05) | 1.51 (0.22) |
| Subtypes of variant PSP | |||||||||
| PSP-CBS | 7 | 77.6 (2.9) | 3 (43) | 5.1 (1.8) | 0.28 (0.04) | 0.82 (0.13) | 0.01 (0.00) | 0.33 (0.05) | 1.44 (0.22) |
| PSP-PGF | 2 | 69.6 (5.4) | 2 (100) | 5.6 (1.1) | 0.34 (0.01) | 1.05 (0.06) | 0.02 (0.00) | 0.41 (0.01) | 1.81 (0.06) |
| PSP-P | 3 | 74.8 (12.4) | 2 (67) | 5.5 (2.9) | 0.31 (0.04) | 0.80 (0.11) | 0.01 (0.00) | 0.32 (0.06) | 1.45 (0.22) |
| PSP-F | 3 | 74.6 (1.7) | 2 (67) | 5.2 (2.2) | 0.31 (0.01) | 0.90 (0.09) | 0.01 (0.00) | 0.34 (0.04) | 1.57 (0.14) |
| PSP-SL | 3 | 72.8 (0.6) | 1 (33) | 7.8 (2.6) | 0.31 (0.04) | 0.83 (0.14) | 0.01 (0.00) | 0.33 (0.06) | 1.48 (0.24) |
Values represent the mean (standard deviation) of the volumes as a percentage of the total intracranial volume. SCP: superior cerebellar peduncle, APS-NOS: atypical parkinsonian syndrome not otherwise specified, CBS: corticobasal syndrome, MSA-C: multiple system atrophy (MSA) with cerebellar syndrome, MSA-P: MSA with parkinsonian syndrome, PSP-RS: progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) with a Richardson’s syndrome, PSPCBS: variant PSP with predominant CBS, PSP-PGF: variant PSP with progressive gait freezing, PSP-P: variant PSP with predominant parkinsonism, PSP-F: variant PSP with predominant frontal presentation, PSP-SL: variant PSP with predominant speech/language disorder.