TABLE 3—

Adjusted Associations Between Criminal Legal System (CLS) Exposure and Life Evaluation: Family History of Incarceration Survey, United States, 2018

CLS Exposure	Thriving, No.	Not Thriving, No.	Model 1,a OR (95% CI) or P for Trend	Model 2,b OR (95% CI) or P for Trend	Model 3,c OR (95% CI) or P for Trend	Model 4,d OR (95% CI) or P for Trend
Police stops			< .001	< .001	< .001	.006
Never stopped	1247	695	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)
Stopped	209	169	0.59 (0.44, 0.80)	0.60 (0.44, 0.83)	0.63 (0.46, 0.87)	0.65 (0.46, 0.90)
Stopped and frisked	204	229	0.45 (0.34, 0.62)	0.49 (0.35, 0.67)	0.54 (0.39, 0.76)	0.60 (0.42, 0.86)
Arrests
Never arrested	1204	682	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)
Arrested	453	411	0.59 (0.47, 0.74)	0.68 (0.54, 0.87)	0.76 (0.59, 0.97)	0.81 (0.62, 1.07)
Incarceration			< .001	.008	.11	.4
Never incarcerated	1333	785	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)
Incarcerated once	164	140	0.67 (0.48, 0.93)	0.77 (0.56, 1.07)	0.84 (0.6, 1.18)	0.85 (0.6, 1.21)
Incarcerated multiple times	160	167	0.5 (0.37, 0.69)	0.61 (0.44, 0.89)	0.73 (0.50, 1.07)	0.84 (0.56, 1.26)

Note. CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio. Regressions are adjusted for sample weights to be nationally representative of the US household population. Employment status and age were collinear, so we excluded employment status from these models.

^aUnadjusted.

^bAdjusted for age + gender + race + education level.

^cAdjusted for model 2 + household income + home type + marital status.

^dAjusted for model 3 + history of addiction.