Table 4. Early clinical outcomes.
| Variables | Unmatched groups | Matched groups | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T-RAMIE (N=144) | H-RAMIE (N=70) | P value | T-RAMIE (N=49) | H-RAMIE (N=49) | P value | ||
| 30-day mortality | 0 | 1 (1.4) | 0.327 | 0 | 1 (2.0) | 0.317 | |
| 90-day mortality | 1 (0.7) | 3 (4.3) | 0.104 | 0 | 3 (6.1) | 0.083 | |
| Complications | 86 (59.7) | 43 (61.4) | 0.811 | 31 (63.3) | 31 (63.3) | 1.000 | |
| Complications (grade ≥3) | 15 (10.4) | 7 (10.0) | 0.925 | 6 (12.2) | 6 (12.2) | 1.000 | |
| Respiratory complications | 15 (10.4) | 5 (7.1) | 0.440 | 5 (10.2) | 5 (10.2) | 1.000 | |
| Leakage | 9 (6.3) | 7 (10.0) | 0.328 | 3 (6.1) | 5 (10.2) | 0.480 | |
| Abdomen-related complications | 13 (9.0) | 9 (12.9) | 0.297 | 4 (8.2) | 7 (14.3) | 0.366 | |
| Chyloperitoneum | 9 (6.3) | 5 (7.1) | 4 (8.2) | 3 (6.1) | |||
| Jejunostomy site problem | 1 (0.7) | 2 (2.9) | 0 | 2 (2.9) | |||
| Wound problem | 2 (1.4) | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Bleeding | 0 | 1 (1.4) | 0 | 1 (2.0) | |||
| Septic colitis | 0 | 1 (1.4) | 0 | 1 (2.0) | |||
| Colon infarction | 1 (0.7) | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Length of stay (median, range) | 13 days (6–244) | 13.5 days (7.0–63.0) | 0.908 | 14 days (8–244) | 14 days (7–63) | 0.936 | |
T-RAMIE, totally robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy; H-RAMIE, hybrid robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy.