Post-transplant survival of patients with early PPM, late PPM, and no PPM after HTX (Kaplan-Meier estimator). Overview of 5-year post-transplant survival of patients stratified by early PPM (PPM ≤1 year after HTX), late PPM (PPM >1 year after HTX), and no PPM after HTX. Patients with early PPM after HTX showed a statistically significant inferior 5-year post-transplant survival in comparison to patients with late PPM or no PPM after HTX (P<0.01). HTX, heart transplantation; PPM, permanent pacemaker.