Table 1.
sLOX‐1 Concentrations in CAD, ACS, Stroke, and AAD
| Disease | Control | Disease | Sample (n) | Time Point of Blood Collection |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAD34 |
Control, 268 (111–767) pg/mL |
1–2 diseased vessels, 611 (346–1313) pg/mL; 3–4 diseased vessels, 2143 (824–3201) pg/mL |
Control: 29; CAD: 60 |
Before CAG |
| CAD26 |
Simple lesion, 0.426 (0.195–1.075) ng/mL |
Complex lesion, 0.914 (0.489–1.296) ng/mL |
Simple: 72; complex: 50 | Before CAG |
| CAD, ACS26 |
Stable CAD, 0.579 (0.256–1.172) ng/mL |
ACS, 1.610 (0.941–2.264) ng/mL |
CAD: 122; ACS: 58 |
Before CAG |
| ACS26 |
No complex lesion, 1.003 (0.783–1.668) ng/mL |
1 complex lesion, 1.456 (0.923–2.124) ng/mL; multiple complex lesions, 2.171 (1.067–3.247) ng/mL |
No complex lesion: 11; 1 complex lesion: 23;Multiple complex lesions: 24 | Before CAG |
| CAD35 |
Distal segment LAD lesion, 0.70±0.17 ng/mL |
Proximal/middle segment LAD lesion, 1.07±0.33 ng/mL | Distal: 51; proximal/middle: 64 | After CAG |
| ACS23 |
Intact coronary, <0.5 (<0.5–1.3) ng/mL Controlled CHD, <0.5 (<0.5–3.4) ng/mL; ischemic CHD, 0.73 (<0.5–14.0) ng/mL; acute noncardiac illness, <0.5 (<0.5–6.4) ng/mL; chronic illness, <0.5 (<0.5–3.3) ng/mL |
ACS, 2.91 (<0.5–170) ng/mL |
ACS: 80; intact coronary: 52; controlled CHD: 122; ischemic CHD: 173; acute cardiac illness: 34; chronic illness: 60 | At CAG or time of visit (acute and chronic illness) |
| ACS36 |
NSTEMI, 133.3 (106.6–238.5) ng/mL |
STEMI, 204.2 (135.7–456.0) ng/mL |
NSTEMI: 19; STEMI: 56 |
Before CAG |
| ACS37 |
Non‐ACS, 104.1 (67.9–128.6) ng/mL |
NSTEMI, 143.9 (96.6–255.1) ng/mL; STEMI, 259.0 (134.5–488.9) ng/mL |
Non‐ACS: 40; NSTEMI: 44; STEMI: 116 |
In ER |
| ACS25 |
Non‐ACS, 0.096 (0.0645–0.162) ng/mL |
ACS, 1.13 (0.168–3.46) ng/mL |
Non‐ACS: 89; ACS: 18 |
After CAG |
| PCI38 |
PCI without RPMI, 99±68 pg/mL |
PCI+RPMI, 167±89 pg/mL |
PCI without RPMI: 181; PCI+RPMI: 33 |
Every 6 h after PCI; in total, up to 24 h |
| ACS39 |
Non‐AMI, 64.3 (54.4–84.3) ng/mL |
STEMI, 241.0 (132.4–472.2) ng/mL; NSTEMI, 147.3 (92.9–262.4) ng/mL |
Non‐AMI: 125; NSTEMI: 44; STEMI: 125 |
Before CAG |
| ACS40 |
Event‐free survival, 2.54 ng/mL |
Recurrence‐ACS/and death, 6.60 ng/mL |
Event‐free: 81; recurrence: 13 | During acute stage |
| AAD41 | NSTEMI | AAD | NSTEMI: 39; AAD: 19 | In ER and before CAG |
| Stroke, ischemic stroke42 |
Mean: Q1, 558 ng/mL; Q2, 925 ng/mL; Q3, 1289 ng/mL; Q4, 2367 ng/mL |
Q1, n=21;Q2, n=20;Q3, n=25;Q4, n=25 | Median: 11 y | |
| Stroke27 |
Control (ischemic stroke), 486 (321–703) ng/L; control (ICH), 513 (307–770) ng/L; control (ABI), 496 (337–781) ng/L; control (cardioembolic stroke), 462 (333–652) ng/L; control (lacunar infarction), 558 (302–850) ng/L |
Ischemic stroke, 526 (330–883) ng/L; ICH, 720 (459–1125) ng/L; ABI, 641 (429–1302) ng/L; cardioembolic stroke, 442 (225–840) ng/L; lacunar infarction, 529 (341–743) ng/L |
Control: 250; ischemic stroke: 250—control: 127; ICH: 127—control: 43; ABI: 43—control: 59; cardioembolic stroke: 59—control: 56; lacunar infarction: 56 |
3 d after onset of stroke |
| Stroke28 |
Healthy control 0.67 ng/mL |
Carotid atherosclerosis, 0.99 ng/mL; TIA, 0.95 (0.23–7.31) ng/mL; ischemic stroke, 1.0 (0.11–2.63) ng/mL |
Healthy control: 81; carotid atherosclerosis: 232; TIA: 61; ischemic stroke: 104 | 48 h before operation |
| Stroke28 |
sLOX‐1: tertile 1, 3.48±0.279 (au); tertile 2, 4.04±0.134 (au); tertile 3, 4.79±0.480 (au) |
Tertile 1, 1567; tertile 2, 1568; tertile 3, 1568 | Baseline until first hospitalization for acute stroke (median: 16.5±3.6 y) |
Summary of the most important studies analyzing sLOX‐1 in patients with CAD, AAD, and stroke. AAD indicates acute aortic dissection; ABI, atherothrombogenic brain infarction; ACS, acute coronary syndrome; AMI, acute myocardial infarction; CAD, coronary artery disease; CAG, coronary angiography; CHD, coronary heart disease; ER, emergency room; ICH, intracerebral haemorrhage; LAD, left anterior descending; NSTEMI, non‐ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; Q, quartile; RPMI, related periprocedural myocardial infarction; sLOX‐1, soluble lectin‐like oxidized low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐1; STEMI, ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction; TIA, transient ischemic attack.