Table 3.
Bivariate analysis of covariates with female caregiver-adolescent dyads
| None | IPV ‘Only’ | VAC ‘Only’ | IPV and VAC | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 71 | n = 46 | n = 90 | n = 124 | ||
| Caregiver Report | |||||
| Age, mean (SD) | 36.1 (9.7) | 38.87 (10.37) | 37.98 (8.05) | 37.23 (6.48) | 0.30 |
| Education, % (n) | |||||
| Primary | 64.52 (40) | 90.24 (37) | 76.19 (64) | 88.79 (103) | < 0.01 |
| High School or more | 35.48 (22) | 9.76 (4) | 23.81 (20) | 11.21 (13) | |
| Religion, % (n) | |||||
| Catholic/Christian | 81.43 (57) | 76.09 (35) | 76.67 (69) | 79.03 (98) | 0.87 |
| Muslim | 18.57 (13) | 23.91 (11) | 23.33 (21) | 20.97 (26) | |
| SES, mean (SD) | −0.01 (0.24) | −0.03 (0.3) | −0.1 (0.29) | −0.02 (0.27) | 0.09 |
| Mental distress (SRQ), mean (SD) | 4.72 (3.62) | 6.72 (4.64) | 5.21 (3.93) | 7.3 (4.07) | 0.00 |
| Alcohol, median (min-max) a | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–4) | 0 (0–4) | 0.07 |
| Partner Living Status, % (n) | |||||
| Do not live together | 14.08 (10) | 4.35 (2) | 13.33 (12) | 13.71 (17) | 0.36 |
| Live together | 85.92 (61) | 95.65 (44) | 86.67 (78) | 86.29 (107) | |
| Intimate Partner Emotional Attachment, mean (SD) | 14.87 (4.6) | 17.37 (5.49) | 15 (5.7) | 18.56 (6.52) | 0.00 |
| Attitudes toward VAC, mean (SD) | 15.01 (3.1) | 14.19 (2.62) | 14.08 (2.74) | 13.74 (2.89) | 0.04 |
| Adolescent Report | |||||
| Sex, % (n) | |||||
| Female | 45.07 (32) | 50 (23) | 36.67 (33) | 37.9 (47) | 0.36 |
| Male | 54.93 (39) | 50 (23) | 63.33 (57) | 62.1 (77) | |
| Children age, mean (SD) | 13.99 (1.18) | 13.85 (1.17) | 13.99 (1.24) | 13.89 (1.24) | 0.87 |
| Physical disability, % (n) | |||||
| No | 80.28 (57) | 69.57 (32) | 85.56 (77) | 76.61 (95) | 0.15 |
| Yes | 19.72 (14) | 30.43 (14) | 14.44 (13) | 23.39 (29) | |
| Family Structure, % (n) | |||||
| Lives with bio mother | 35.71 (25) | 41.3 (19) | 40 (36) | 47.58 (59) | 0.81 |
| Lives with bio father | 7.14 (5) | 6.52 (3) | 6.67 (6) | 3.23 (4) | |
| Lives with both bio parents | 25.71 (18) | 19.57 (9) | 24.44 (22) | 25 (31) | |
| Lives with neither bio parent | 31.43 (22) | 32.61 (15) | 28.89 (26) | 24.19 (30) | |
| Mental health difficulties (SDQ), mean (SD) | 14.3 (5.29) | 15.39 (6.36) | 15.32 (5.51) | 14.35 (5.08) | 0.42 |
| Belong, mean (SD) | 7.23 (2.1) | 7.48 (2.22) | 7.21 (2.31) | 7.27 (2.16) | 0.92 |
| Study arm, % (n) | |||||
| Control | 42.25 (30) | 52.17 (24) | 54.44 (49) | 52.42 (65) | 0.46 |
| Intervention | 57.75 (41) | 47.83 (22) | 45.56 (41) | 47.58 (59) | |
ANOVA for continuous variables; Chi-square for nominal variables; aKruskall-Wallis for ordinal variables