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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Nanotechnol. 2019 May 20;14(7):712–718. doi: 10.1038/s41565-019-0453-7

Fig. 1 |. the combined experimental and computational approach to assess nanopesticide transport through soil.

Fig. 1 |

The virus-based and synthetic nanoparticles are depicted to scale in the top left. Labelled nanoparticles were injected as a bolus at the top of the soil column and moved through the column at a constant flow rate. At the bottom of the column, particles were collected as 500 μl fractions. The mass of the eluted virus-based nanoparticles was determined by SDS–PAGE and the synthetic nanoparticles were imaged as droplets on Parafilm using the FluorChem R imaging system under a MultiFluor red light. Experimental data were imported into Matlab for comparison with the output of the computational model.