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. 2019 Jul 18;21(12):1515–1525. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.1539

Figure 1.

EJHF-1539-FIG-0001-c

Non‐cardiovascular (CV) death accounted for ∼30% in the iPRESERVE and TOPCAT trials, enrolling patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and for 15% in the PARADIGM‐HF trials, enrolling patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). In all trials, cancer was the dominant cause of non‐CV death, accounting for 35–40% of non‐CV deaths. Data shown for the: (A) Irbesartan in Heart Failure With Preserved Systolic Function (iPRESERVE); (B) Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure With an Aldosterone Antagonist (TOPCAT); and (C) Prospective Comparison of ARNI with an ACE‐Inhibitor to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and Morbidity in Heart Failure (PARADIGM‐HF).