Heat maps that depict how (A) KAM, (B) ATS, and (C) ITR individually influence absolute ACL strain relative to each combination of the other 2 loading conditions. The highest strain is observed when all 3 conditions are combined in their highest-risk states. Note that for each plot, the effect of the isolated loading factor is observed along the tertiary (y) axis, while the remaining combinatorial loading is depicted along the primary (x) axis. Moving from left to right along the tertiary axis on each plot, KAM affects a steeper increase in strain than ATS or ITR. ACL, anterior cruciate ligament; ATS, anterior tibial shear; ITR, internal tibial rotation; KAM, knee abduction moment.