A–D) CD82 regulates TLR9 signaling in macrophages and in vivo in response to CpG. TNF-α production in WT or CD82KO immortalized macrophages was measured by ELISA in response to increasing doses of Pam3CsK4 (A), LPS (B), imiquimod (C), or CpG (D) for 6 h. E) WT, CD82KO, TLR9KO, or CD82KO + CD82-mRFP1 macrophages stimulated with 1 µM CpG for 16 h and assessed for TNF-α production. F) WT and CD82KO macrophages stimulated with 1 µM CpG for 2 h or unstimulated were assessed for NF-κB translocation in nuclear lysates by immunoblot. LSD1, lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A. G) Sera of WT, CD82KO, and TLR9KO mice (n = 3 mice/group) intraperitoneally injected with 20 nmol CpG and/or 20 mg D-GalN and assessed for TNF-α production. ELISA results are presented as means of technical (A–E) or biologic (G) triplicates ± sd. *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, ****P ≤ 0.0001 (unpaired Student’s t test).