Table 5. Results of mixed multivariable multi-level logistic regression model examining the associations between each dog-level and community-level variable on the odds of a poisoning call to the APCC^ǁ being related to an opioid (2006–2014).

Parameter	Coefficient	95% Confidence Intervals	P-Value
Dog Age	-0.230	-0.261; -0.199	<0.001
Dog Age2	0.0156	0.0135; 0.0176	<0.001
Human Opioid Prescription Rate	0.0120	0.00788; 0.0161	<0.001
Human Opioid Prescription Rate2	-0.0000357	-0.0000553; -0.0000160	<0.001
Year	0.0273	-0.0135; 0.0682	0.190
Year2	-0.00759	-0.0125; -0.00266	0.003
Dog Weight	-0.000400	-0.0167; 0.0160	0.962
Dog Weight2	-0.0000733	-0.000371; 0.000225	0.630
Sex
Female	Referent
Male	-0.0349	-0.0912; 0.0215	0.225
Reproductive Status
Intact	Referent
Neutered	-0.182	-0.251; -0.112	<0.001
Unknown	-0.0779	-0.239; 0.0834	0.344
Breed Class
Herding	Referent
Hound	0.402	0.129; 0.675	0.004
Non-Sporting	0.158	-0.138; 0.453	0.296
Sporting	-0.167	-0.449; 0.115	0.246
Terrier	0.180	-0.0868; 0.447	0.186
Toy	0.655	0.396; 0.914	<0.001
Working	-0.0551	-0.392; 0.283	0.283
Foundation Stock Service	-0.462	-1.889; 0.964	0.526
Other	0.270	-0.0426; 0.582	0.091
Source of Call
Public	Referent
Veterinarian	0.332	0.273; 0.391	<0.001
Interactions
Age x Weight	-0.00240	-0.00439; -0.000409	0.018
Age x Weight2	0.0000756	0.0000319; 0.000119	0.001
Breed Class x Weight
Herding x Weight	Referent
Hound x Weight	-0.0112	-0.0254; 0.00290	0.119
Non-Sporting x Weight	-0.0197	-0.0389; -0.000429	0.045
Sporting x Weight	-0.00578	-0.0173; 0.00575	0.326
Terrier x Weight	0.00851	-0.00439; 0.0214	0.196
Toy x Weight	-0.0425	-0.0650; -0.0200	<0.001
Working x Weight	-0.00281	-0.0157; 0.0100	0.668
Foundation Stock Service x Weight	0.00208	-0.0580; 0.0621	0.946
Other x Weight	-0.0194	-0.0350; -0.00371	0.015
Variance Component
State	0.00460	0.00113; 0.0188
County	0.0232	0.0109; 0.0493

^ǁAnimal Poison Control Center