Table 1. Characteristics of youth 5–19 years of age participating in the TB Infection Household Survey in 9 rural communities in Uganda.
| Total Population N = 3121 | % TST Positive N = 355 |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| n(%) | n (%) | p-value | |
| Individual-Level Variables | |||
| Median Age (IQR) | 11 (7–14) | 11 (8–15) | <0.01 |
| 5–9 | 1306 (42) | 104 (8)▵ | |
| 10–14 | 1092 (35) | 109 (10)▵ | |
| 15–19 | 723 (23) | 142 (20)▵ | <0.01 |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 1612 (52) | 187 (12) | |
| Female | 1509 (49) | 168 (11) | 0.68 |
| Lowest wealth tertile | |||
| No | 2504 (81) | 263 (11) | |
| Yes | 571 (19) | 90 (16) | <0.01 |
| HIV status | |||
| negative | 2785 (89) | 322 (12) | |
| positive | 35 (1) | 2 (6) | |
| unknown/not tested | 301 (10) | 31 (10) | 0.55 |
| Mother with HIV (possible HIV-exposed uninfected child)* | |||
| No | 1927 (80) | 105 (8) | |
| Yes | 471 (27) | 46 (9) | 0.42 |
| BCG vaccinated (scar or record) | |||
| No | 163 (5) | 18 (11) | |
| Yes | 2598 (95) | 337 (11) | 0.89 |
| History of TB Disease | |||
| No | 3119 (99.9) | 353 (11.3) | |
| Yes | 2 (0.1) | 2 (100) | <0.01 |
| Household-Level Variables | |||
| Characteristics of Household Members | |||
| Household member living with HIV | |||
| No | 1666 (53) | 188 (11) | |
| Yes | 1455 (47) | 167 (12) | 0.57 |
| ≥1 household member lives outside of community for 6 months or more | |||
| No | 2630 (88) | 218 (8) | |
| Yes | 342 (12) | 33 (10) | 0.10 |
| ≥1 household members drink alcohol | |||
| No | 2506 (81) | 274 (10) | |
| Yes | 600 (19) | 81 (14) | 0.08 |
| Proxies of Household TB Transmission | |||
| Household TB contact | |||
| No | 3011 (97) | 322 (11) | |
| Yes | 110 (4) | 33 (30) | <0.01 |
| Mother's TST status ** | |||
| negative | 729 (42) | 42 (6) | |
| positive | 353 (20) | 52 (15) | |
| unknown/mother not tested | 661 (38) | 56 (9) | <0.01 |
| One or more child in household with a positive TST *** | |||
| 0 children | 2613 (90) | 243 (8) | |
| 1 or more child | 265 (9) | 107 (40) | <0.01 |
| School and Community-Level Predictors | |||
| Currently in School | |||
| No or unknown | 707 (23) | 81 (11) | |
| Yes | 2414 (77) | 274 (11) | 0.94 |
| Type of School | |||
| Public | 1543 (64) | 178 (12) | |
| Private | 863 (36) | 95 (11) | 0.70 |
| Boarding School or attends school outside community**** | |||
| No | 2202 (92) | 230 (10) | |
| Yes | 192 (8) | 38 (20) | <0.01 |
| Works outside of home ***** | |||
| No | 322 (46) | 52 (16) | |
| Yes | 388 (54) | 90 (23) | 0.01 |
▵Age-specific proportions of positive tuberculin skin tests (TST) are raw prevalence values and differ from adjusted point estimates.
*Maternal HIV status available for children 5–11 years, N = 1452
**Maternal TST status available for children 5–11 years, N = 1231
***Excludes households with two or fewer children, N = 2746
****Includes youth ≥15 years, N = 720