Behavioral responses to call playback are not affected by inharmonicity. A, Example spectrograms of a natural call, a synthesized harmonic call, synthesized inharmonic calls, noise, a tone and a ripple. B, Left, Proportion of trials in which birds produced response calls (mean ± SEM; N = 8). Middle, Proportion of trials in which birds produced response calls to tones versus natural calls (mean ± SEM; N = 4). Right, Proportion of trials in which birds produced response calls to ripples versus natural calls (mean ± SEM; N = 4). Asterisks indicate significant differences in stimulus-evoked responses (for all panels: rank-transformed repeated-measures ANOVA with Dunn–Sidak tests). *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001.