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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Med Decis Making. 2020 Jan;40(1):106–111. doi: 10.1177/0272989X19894940

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The structure of the simulated example as (A) a decision model and (B) directed acyclic graph (DAG). (A) The decision model depicts the decision process at a single time-step, with the circular decision nodes indicating probabilistic events and the colored square decision node indicating an intervention point. (B) The directed acyclic graph depicts two arbitrary time points of the same causal structure for a time- varying treatment, A0 and At, an outcome, Y, a time-varying confounder, Lt, affected by prior treatment (A0), and an unmeasured outcome cause, U.