Table 1.
Distribution of sample characteristics overall and by gender and race/ethnicity, Harlem Longitudinal Development Study, n=647.
| Measuresa | mean (SD) / n (%) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All (n=647) |
Male (n=269) |
Female (n=405) |
t or χ2 | AAb
(n=356) |
PRc
(n=318) |
t or χ2 | |
| Violent Victimization score | |||||||
| Mean age 19 y (T2) | 0.39 (0.59) | 0.64 (0.76) | 0.24 (0.38) | t = −8.19* | 0.37 (0.56) | 0.43 (0.63) | t = −1.43 |
| Mean age 24 y (T3) | 0.50 (0.68) | 0.78 (0.80) | 0.28 (0.44) | t = −8.33* | 0.51 (0.69) | 0.51 (0.67 | t = −0.11 |
| Mean age 29 y (T4) | 0.47 (0.66) | 0.79 (0.84) | 0.25 (0.39) | t = −9.59* | 0.46 (0.65) | 0.47 (0.68) | t = −0.09 |
| Mean age 36 y (T5) | 0.11 (0.35) | 0.18 (0.44) | 0.07 (0.28) | t = −3.63* | 0.12 (0.37) | 0.12 (0.34) | t = −0.06 |
| Have PTSD (T5) | 53 (7.9%) | 19 (7.1%) | 34 (8.4%) | χ2= 0.40 | 30 (8.4%) | 23 (7.2%) | χ2= 0.33 |
| Have SUD (T5) | 61 (9.1%) | 42 (15.6%) | 19 (4.7%) | χ2= 23.43* | 29 (8.2%) | 32 (10.1%) | χ2= 0.75 |
| Have MDE (T5) | 108 (16.0%) | 34 (12.6%) | 74 (18.3%) | χ2= 3.90* | 54 (15.2%) | 54 (17.0%) | χ2= 0.41 |
| Have co-morbid PTSD-SUD (T5) | 11 (1.6%) | 7 (2.6%) | 4 (1.0%) | χ2= 2.63 | 7 (2.0%) | 4 (1.3%) | χ2= 0.53 |
| Have co-morbid PTSD-MDE (T5) | 32 (4.8%) | 9 (3.4%) | 23 (5.7%) | χ2= 1.95 | 19 (5.3%) | 13 (4.1%) | χ2= 0.58 |
Notes.
a.
T2 – T5: survey follow-up time 2 – time 5; PTSD: Posttraumatic stress disorder; SUD: substance use disorder; MDE: major depressive episode
b.
AA: African American
c.
PR: Puerto Rican
*
p<.05