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. 2018 Mar 30;6(1):7–32. doi: 10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.2017024

Table 3. Features of A. flavus secondary metabolite gene clusters.

Metabolitea Cluster
numberb 		Backbone
gene
classification		 Cluster-specific transcriptional regulator Number of genes in clusterc Putative biological
function		 Representative
structure		 Reference
Aflatoxin 54 PKS Yes 30 antiinsectan/oxidative stress resistance? graphic file with name foodsafetyfscj-6-7-i001.jpg 3,22,23
Aflatrem 15 and 32 DMATs/GGPPs No 5 and 3 antiinsectan/
antifeedant		 graphic file with name foodsafetyfscj-6-7-i002.jpg 108,109
Aflavarin 39 PKS No 5 antiinsectan/sclerotial development graphic file with name foodsafetyfscj-6-7-i003.jpg 29
Asparasone A 27 PKS Yes 4 antiinsectan/sclerotial pigment/abiotic stress resistance graphic file with name foodsafetyfscj-6-7-i004.jpg 52
Cyclopiazonic acid 55 DMATs/hybrid PKS-NRPS No 5 mammalian
antifeedant?		 graphic file with name foodsafetyfscj-6-7-i005.jpg 24,25
Ditryptophenaline 4 NRPS No 3 ? graphic file with name foodsafetyfscj-6-7-i006.jpg 110
Kojic acid NA oxidoreductase Yes 3 insect antifeedant/
antioxidant?		 graphic file with name foodsafetyfscj-6-7-i007.jpg 111
Leporin 23 hybrid PKS-NRPS Yes 9 insect antifeedant/
sclerotial development		 graphic file with name foodsafetyfscj-6-7-i008.jpg 15
Piperazine 35 and 48 NRPS-like No 6 and 6 sclerotial
development		 graphic file with name foodsafetyfscj-6-7-i009.jpg 16
Ustiloxin B 31 RiPPS Yes 15 ? graphic file with name foodsafetyfscj-6-7-i010.jpg 10,17

aSome clusters produce more than one metabolite.

bBased on Georgianna et al.8) numbering system. NA-not applicable as the kojic acid cluster was not identified by SMURF analysis.

cAs defined experimentally or as defined in Georgianna et al.8).PS (Nagano et al. (2016)14).