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The risk of bias graph and summary. Except for random sequence generation with low risk of 33.3%, allocation concealment with low risk of 66.7%, blinding of personnel with low risk of 66.7% and blinding of outcome assessment with low risk of 0%, other items were assessed as 100% of high risk (A). Akizawa et al.’s study was graded as lowest risk, while Besarab et al.’s study was with the highest risk (B).
