Figure 3.

Whole-cell patch-clamp voltage clamp recordings under nine different protocols and the model fitting and validation results at 37°C. All currents are normalized by scaling them to minimize the absolute difference between each trace and a reference trace. From (A) to (I): Shown are the results of the staircase protocol, which is used as the calibration protocol, the activation current-voltage (I-V) protocol, the steady-state inactivation I-V protocol, the hERG screening protocol, the DAD-like protocol, the EAD-like protocol, and the cardiac action potential-like protocol at 0.5, 1, and 2 Hz, respectively. All the model calibration results and validation predictions are shown in the top panels (orange) and are compared against the experimental recordings shown in the bottom panels (blue). Zoomed-in of the green shaded regions are shown underneath each panel to reveal the details of the spikes, in which our models show extraordinary good predictions to the details. The normalized current for all protocols are shown except for the activation I-V protocol and the steady-state inactivation I-V protocol in which the summary statistic I-V relationships are shown. Each cell is shown with a unique color. To see this figure in color, go online.