Table 2.
Estimated PAF and number of incident HIV infections in 2016 attributable to HSV-2 infection among individuals aged 15–49 years, overall and by WHO region
|
PAF of incident HIV infection attributable to HSV-2 infection |
Number of incident HIV infections attributable to all HSV-2 infections† | Number of incident HIV infections from sexual transmission†‡ | Number of incident HIV infections from all routes of HIV transmission†§ | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All HSV-2 infections | Established HSV-2 infections | Recently acquired HSV-2 infections | All incident HIV infection* | ||||
| African | 37·1% (28·7–46·3) | 33·7% (24·8–43·1) | 3·4% (1·3–7·5) | 36·4% (28·1–45·4) | 346 000 (253 000–454 000) | 932 000 | 951 000 |
| Americas | 21·3% (14·7–29·4) | 19·2% (12·4–27·5) | 2·1% (0·8–4·6) | 20·5% (14·1–28·2) | 30 000 (20 000–42 000) | 140 000 | 146 000 |
| Eastern Mediterranean | 12·3% (7·5–20·1) | 11·5% (6·6–19·5) | 0·8% (0·3–1·9) | 5·9% (3·6–9·7) | 2000 (1000–4000) | 16 000 | 33 000 |
| European | 11·6% (7·0–19·4) | 10·6% (5·9–18·3) | 1·0% (0·4–2·2) | 7·4% (4·5–12·4) | 15 000 (9000–24 000) | 126 000 | 198 000 |
| South-East Asian | 12·4% (6·2–22·1) | 11·2% (5·1–21·2) | 1·2% (0·4–2·6) | 11·5% (5·8–20·5) | 15 000 (7000–29 000) | 124 000 | 134 000 |
| Western Pacific | 13·0% (6·5–23·7) | 11·8% (5·2–22·5) | 1·2% (0·4–2·6) | 11·0% (5·5–20·1) | 10 000 (2000–22 000) | 74 000 | 87 000 |
| Global average (all regions) | 29·6% (22·9–37·1) | 26·8% (19·7–34·5) | 2·7% (1·0–6·0) | 27·0% (20·8–33·9) | 420 000 (317 000–546 000) | 1 411 000 | 1 548 000 |
Data are % (95% UI), n (95% UI), or n. PAF=population attributable fraction. UI=uncertainty interval.
Includes incident HIV infections from all routes of transmission (not just sexual transmission).
Estimates are shown to the nearest thousand; they are based on 2016 HIV incidence data, 2012 HSV-2 infection estimates,1 RR estimates from a review of literature published up until 2017,6 and key population breakdown of HIV incidence for 2015.23
Denominators for calculation of PAFs of incident HIV infection via sexual transmission attributable to HSV-2 infection.
Denominators for calculation of PAFs of incident HIV infection via all routes of transmission attributable to HSV-2 infection.