Table 4.
Summary of the cohorts of gastrointestinal cytomegaloviral infection in immunocompetent patients (only the cohort with at least 10 patients)
| Ng 1999 (n = 10, colitis) | Maiorana, 2003 (n = 11) | Siciliano, 2014 (n = 14, ICU) | Bernard, S 2015 (n = 13) | Ko, 2015 (n = 51, colitis) | Le 2017 (n = 42, colitis) | Current study (n = 56) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 71 | 72 | 64.2 | 81 (54–88) | 65.2 ± 14.0 | 64.4 ± 19.4 | 73.0 ± 13.9 |
| Male gender | 1 (10%) | 9 (88%) | 6 (42.8%) | 5 (38%) | 24 (47.1%) | 24 (57.1%) | 31 (55.4%) |
| Underlying disease | |||||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 2 (20%) | 5 (35.7%) | 3 (23.1%) | 15 (29.4%) | 15 (35.7%) | 20 (35.7%) | |
| Large vessel atherosclerotic diseases | 2 (20%) | 11 (21.6%) (CVS dis) | 8 (19) CAD 8 (19) CVA | 21 (37.5%) | |||
| Chronic kidney disease | 2 (20%) | 7 (50%) | 2 (15.4%) | 16 (31.4%) | 6 (14.3%) | 13 (23.2%) | |
| Cirrhosis | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 (5.9%) | 2 (4.8%) | 2 (3.6%) | |
| Cardiomyopathy | 9 (64.2%) | ||||||
| Status conditions at diagnosis | |||||||
| Status | |||||||
| • Outpatient | 5 (11.9%) | 23 (41.1%) | |||||
| • Inpatient | 16 (38.1%) | 21 (37.5%) | |||||
| • Intensive care unit | 100% | 11 (21.6%) | 21 (50%) | 12 (21.4%) | |||
| Bacteremia | 8 (19%) | 4 (7.1%) | |||||
| SIRS | 28 (66.7%) | 29 (52.7%) | |||||
| Respiratory failure | 71.4% | 15 (35.7%) | 20 (35.7%) | ||||
| Inotropic drugs | 78.5% | 13 (31%) | 19 (33.9%) | ||||
| Acute renal failure | 14 (33.3%) | 22 (39.3%) | |||||
| Presentation | |||||||
| Median presenting duration (days) (range) | 8 (1–30) | 1 (1–60) | |||||
| GI bleeding | 9 (90%) | 10 (71.4%) | 6 (46.2%) | 30 (58.8%) | 22 (52.4%) | 40 (71.4%) | |
| Diarrhea | 8 (80%) | 6 (42.8%) | 6 (46.2%) | 23 (45.1%) | 15 (35.7%) | 18 (32.1%) | |
| Abdominal pain | 0 | 1 (7.1%) | 0 | 8 (15.7%) | 12 (28.6%) | 9 (16.1%) | |
| Fever | 6 (60%) | 2 (14.3%) | 4 (30.8%) | 8 (15.7%) | 17 (40.5%) | 27 (49.1%) | |
| Ileus | 1 (7.1%) | 4 (7.1%) | |||||
| Perforation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (4.8%) | 1 (1.8%) | |
| CMV at other organs | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0%) | |
| CMV viremia | |||||||
| CMV viral load (n = 4) | Antigenemia (n = 30) | pp65 Antigenemia (n = 18) | CMV viral load (n = 27) | ||||
|
Median, range 2 (0–11) |
Median, range 370 (0–85,599) | ||||||
|
Negative 3/4 (75%) |
Negative 13 (43%) |
Negative 8 (44.4%) |
Negative 11/27 (40.7%) |
||||
| Treatment and outcomes | |||||||
| Medications | |||||||
| • Ganciclovir | 3 (30%) | 13 (92.8%) | 4 (30.8%) | 39 (76.5%) | 24 (57.1%) | 36/51 (70.6%) | |
| • Valganclovir | 0 | 6 (46.2%) | 12 (28.6%) | 3/51 (5.9%) | |||
| • Surgery | 1 (10%) | 1 (7.2%) | 0 | 5 (9.8%) | 6 (14.3%) | 8/51 (15.7%) | |
| • None | 7 (70%) | 7 (53.8%) | 12 (28.6%) | 13/51 (25.5%) | |||
| Duration of treatment (week) | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 (0–6) | |||
| Improvement with no treatment | 7 (70%) | 9 (17.6%) | 4 (7.1%) | ||||
| Death in 6 months | 10 (71.4%) (in hospital mortality) | no CMV-related death | 7.8% (30 days) | 11 (26.2%) (in hospital mortality) | 20/51 (39.2%) | ||