Table 2.

Comparison the mean score for QoL and the VAS scale according to the patients’ demographic characteristics by sex

characteristics		ED-Q5			VAS
		male	female	total	male	female	total
		Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD
Age group	≤50y	0.98 ± 0.03	0.91 ± 0.09	0. 93 ± 0.08	74.11 ± 6.11	66.41 ± 9.71	68.75 ± 9.54
	51-60y	0.95 ± 0.08	0.83 ± 0.15	0.87 ± 0.14	70.71 ± 9.72	61.18 ± 8.91	64.50 ± 10.24
	> 60	0.89 ± 0.14	0.86 ± 0.12	0.88 ± 0.13	66.19 ± 6.45	62.33 ± 8.76	64.28 ± 7.89
F		4.43	4.49	4.00	8.94	4.38	5.09
P value		0.01	0.01	0.01	< 0.001	0.01	0.007
Job	Employed	0.94 ± 0.11	0.93 ± 0.07	0.94 ± 0.10	70.93 ± 8.22	67.77 ± 11.27	70.19 ± 9.04
	housewife	–	0.87 ± 0.12	0.87 ± 0.12	–	62.38 ± 8.62	62.38 ± 8.62
	others	0.90 ± 0.13	0.72 ± 0.21	0.87 ± 0.16	63.90 ± 7.74	60.00 ± 11.01	65.57 ± 8.82
F or T		1.89	11.38	8.76	3.57	3.53	19.95
P value		0.06	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.002	0.03	< 0.001
Education Level	Illiterate	0.88 ± 0.13	0.87 ± 0.13	0.87 ± 0.13	66.87 ± 11.31	60.90 ± 8.37	61.72 ± 8.96
	undergraduate	0.91 ± 0.14	0.88 ± 0.10	0.89 ± 0.12	67.17 ± 7.16	63.63 ± 8.56	65.07 ± 8.18
	postgraduate	0.94 ± 0.08	0.80 ± 0.18	0.88 ± 0.15	71.15 ± 8.43	62.97 ± 11.63	65.75 ± 10.36
F		1.44	5.05	0.73	3.73	1.43	7.70
P value		0.24	0.007	0.47	0.02	0.24	0.001
Treatment type	Oral drug	0.93 ± 0.12	0.87 ± 0.13	0.89 ± 0.13	69.42 ± 8.46	63.12 ± 9.52	65.85 ± 9.46
	insulin	0.91 ± 0.11	0.83 ± 0.14	0.86 ± 0.13	66.85 ± 6.95	61.57 ± 8.37	63.55 ± 8.23
T		0.62	2.22	2.28	1.01	0.89	1.37
P value		0.53	0.02	0.02	0.30	0.36	0.16
HbA1C	< 7	0.96 ± 0.04	0.86 ± 0.16	0.89 ± 0.14	70.55 ± 7.25	63.84 ± 9.20	65.96 ± 9.13
	≥7	0.92 ± 0.13	0.86 ± 0.12	0.88 ± 0.13	68.55 ± 8.35	62.41 ± 9.27	65.06 ± 9.39
T		2.84	0.01	0.47	0.95	0.85	0.66
P value		0.006	0.99	0.63	0.30	0.39	0.50
DM history	<10y	0.95 ± 0.07	0.87 ± 0.12	0.90 ± 0.11	69.93 ± 7.78	63.91 ± 9.09	66.43 ± 9.42
	≥10y	0.88 ± 0.17	0.84 ± 0.14	0.85 ± 0.16	66.86 ± 6.63	60.80 ± 9.24	63.15 ± 8.81
T		2.4	1.61	2.83	2.00	2.20	2.98
P value		0.02	0.10	0.005	0.04	0.04	0.003