Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of Participants.
| Characteristic | No. (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| MEAL Intervention Group (n = 226) | Control Group (n = 217) | |
| Age, y | ||
| Mean (SD) | 63.7 (6.5) | 63.5 (6.6) |
| Median (IQR) | 64.0 (59.0-68.0) | 64.0 (59.0-68.0) |
| <70 y | 186 (82.3) | 173 (79.7) |
| Race and ethnicity | n = 226 | n = 216 |
| Non-Hispanic white | 186 (82.3) | 171 (78.8) |
| Non-Hispanic black or African American | 24 (10.6) | 26 (12.0) |
| Hispanic or Latino | 9 (4.0) | 7 (3.2) |
| Asian | 6 (2.7) | 9 (4.1) |
| More than 1 race/ethnicity | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.9) |
| Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.5) |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) |
| Region | ||
| West | 85 (37.6) | 78 (35.9) |
| Northeast | 56 (24.8) | 48 (22.1) |
| South | 43 (19.0) | 39 (18.0) |
| Midwest | 42 (18.6) | 52 (24.0) |
| Body mass indexa | n = 55 | n = 53 |
| Mean (SD) | 28.7 (5.9) | 28.3 (3.7) |
| Median (IQR) | 27.5 (24.5-31.0) | 28.4 (26.0-30.8) |
| Prostate biopsy within 12 mob | 192 (85.0) | 183 (84.3) |
| Tumor stage | n = 225 | n = 217 |
| cT1a | 4 (1.8) | 1 (0.5) |
| cT1b | 1 (0.4) | 2 (0.9) |
| cT1c | 197 (87.6) | 187 (86.2) |
| cT2a | 23 (10.2) | 27 (12.4) |
| Serum PSA level, ng/mL | n = 224 | n = 217 |
| 0-2.5 | 25 (11.2) | 30 (13.8) |
| >2.5-5 | 99 (44.2) | 98 (45.2) |
Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range; PSA, prostate-specific antigen.
a
Calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.
b
The remainder of participants underwent prostate biopsy within 13 to 24 months.