Figure 2. Association Between Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) and Fetal Head Circumference, Abdominal Circumference, and Femur Length.

Generalized additive mixed model was used and adjusted for maternal race/ethnicity, age, prepregnancy body mass index, parity, highest educational level, and marital status as well as infant sex, gestational age at the time of ultrasonography, total plasma lipids (except for perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances [PFASs]), and log-transformed plasma cotinine concentration, with repeated measurements of fetal growth. FDR indicates false discovery rate; OCPs, organochlorine pesticides; PBDEs, polybrominated diphenyl ethers; and PCBs, polychlorinated biphenyls. See Table 2 legend for additional expansion of the abbreviations.