Table 1. Baseline Demographic, Clinical Characteristics, and Time Metrics Stratified According to Randomization (General Anesthesia vs Procedural Sedation).
| Characteristic | No. (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| General Anesthesia (n = 182) | Procedural Sedation (n = 183) | |
| Demographic characteristics | ||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 71.4 (12.1) | 71.4 (13.8) |
| Sex | ||
| Female | 73 (40.1) | 90 (49.2) |
| Male | 109 (59.9) | 93 (50.8) |
| Patients included from each study | ||
| SIESTA | 73 (40.1) | 77 (42.1) |
| ANSTROKE | 44 (24.2) | 43 (23.5) |
| GOLIATH | 65 (35.7) | 63 (34.4) |
| Vascular risk factors | ||
| Hypertension | 118 (64.8) | 107 (58.8) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 77 (42.3) | 80 (44.0) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 72 (39.8) | 74 (40.4) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 35 (19.2) | 32 (17.6) |
| Smoking | 33 (18.1) | 41 (22.8) |
| Pretreatment imaging | ||
| ASPECTSa | ||
| 6-10 | 162 (89.0) | 157 (87.2) |
| <6 | 20 (10.9) | 23 (12.8) |
| Median (IQR) | 8 (7-10) | 8 (6-10) |
| Scores on admission | ||
| Premorbid mRSb | ||
| 0 | 132 (72.5) | 130 (71.0) |
| 1 | 23 (12.6) | 30 (16.4) |
| 2 | 15 (8.2) | 16 (8.7) |
| >2 | 12 (6.6) | 7 (3.8) |
| NIHSS on admission, median (IQR)c | 18 (14-21) | 17 (14-21) |
| Occlusion | ||
| Localization of occlusion | ||
| Single ICA | 8 (4.4) | 12 (6.6) |
| Single ICA-T4 | 27 (14.8) | 32 (17.4) |
| Single MCA | 101 (55.4) | 113 (61.7) |
| M1 | 80 (44.3) | 95 (51.9) |
| M2 | 21 (11.5) | 18 (9.8) |
| Tandem | 46 (25.3) | 26 (14.2) |
| ICA + ICA-Td | 15 (8.2) | 7 (3.8) |
| ICA + M1 | 29 (15.9) | 13 (7.1) |
| ICA + M2 | 2 (1.1) | 6 (3.3) |
| Occlusion side right | 73 (40.1) | 92 (50.3) |
| Reperfusion treatments (%) | ||
| Premechanical thrombectomy IV tPA | 128 (70.3) | 130 (71.0) |
| Successful reperfusion (mTICI 2b-3) | 155 (85.2) | 138 (75.4) |
| Time-related parameters, median (IQR), min | ||
| Symptom onset-to-groin puncture | 180 (136-255) | 170 (133-240) |
| Symptom onset-to-reperfusion | 237 (199-347) | 261 (203-325) |
| Door-to-reperfusion | 150 (113-200) | 166 (120-208) |
| Door-to-groin puncture | 75 (60.0-90.0) | 70 (54.0-90.0)e |
| Groin puncture-to-reperfusion | 51 (31-90) | 72 (34-105)e |
| Angio suite arrival-to-groin puncture | 23 (14-29) | 15 (10-25)f |
| Duration of intervention | 158 (82-232) | 160 (97-225) |
Abbreviations: ANSTROKE, Anesthesia During Stroke; ASPECTS, Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score; GOLIATH, General or Local Anesthesia in Intra-Arterial Therapy; ICA, internal carotid artery; IQR, interquartile range; IV tPA, intravenous thrombolysis; MCA, middle cerebral artery; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; SIESTA, Sedation vs Intubation for Endovascular Stroke Treatment.
The Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score is a measure of the extension of stroke. Score ranges from 0 to 10, higher scores indicating fewer early ischemic changes.
The mRS scores run between 0 and 6; 0 means no symptoms, 1, no clinically relevant disability; 2, slight disability (able to look after own affairs without assistance, but not to full extent); 3, moderate disability (requires some help, but able to walk unassisted); 4, moderately severe disability (requires assistance, and unable to walk unassisted); 5, severe disability (requires constant nursing care); 6, dead.
The NIHSS classifies neurologic deficit from 0 (no deficit) to 42 (most severe deficit).
ICA-T was defined as occlusion of the internal carotid artery less than the bifurcation of the middle and the anterior cerebral artery.
P < .05.
P < .001.