Study	Reason for exclusion
Acierno 1983	Not randomized.
Amaducci 1990	Review of trials.
Arrigo 1988	This trial looked at cerebrovascular insufficiency, not dementia.
Arrigo 1990	This trial looked at cerebrovascular insufficiency, not dementia.
Bertolino 1983	Double blind placebo controlled trial, not randomized.
Bonavita 1986	Subjects had 'senile brain' not clearly diagnosed dementia.
Bowman 1992	Review of trials.
Bravi 1994	Results of meta analysis of previous studies.
Calvani 1992	Review of trials.
Campi 1990	Single‐blind study with no placebo arm.
Carta 1991	Review of data.
Cipolli 1990	Preliminary results of Salvioli 1994, single‐blind trial.
Frattola 1991	Subjects allocated to treatment group according to a predetermined sequence, not randomized.
Garzya 1990	This trial considered depressed subjects, not the population under consideration.
Genazzani 1990	This was not a randomized double‐blind trial and had no extractable data.
Giuliani 1990	Double‐blind placebo controlled trial but not randomized
Goetz 1990	Subjects with Huntington's disease, not the population under consideration.
Montgomery 2003	Review and meta‐analysis of previous studies
Parnetti 1993	Multicentre randomized study comparing ALC with l‐alpha‐glyceryl‐phosphorylcholine, no placebo arm.
Passeri 1988	Subjects had 'mild mental impairment' , did not fulfil criteria for a diagnosis of dementia.
Pettegrew 1995	Study not randomized.
Salvioli 1994	Single‐blind multicentre trial comparing ALC with placebo, serial design.
Sinforiani 1990	Single‐blind study.
Stracciari 1988	Unpublished trial, data not available.
Tomasina 1987	Not randomized or blinded, no placebo control group.
Vecchi 1991	Single‐blind trial comparing ALC to placebo, serial design.