| Study | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Gordon 1977 | Complex intervention. Both groups had extra‐amniotic Foley catheter (balloon inflated to 20 mls) with either extra‐amniotic oestrogen or placebo. |
| Griffin 2003 | No prespecified outcomes reported in usable format. 35 women randomised to either 12 mg oestradiol twice a day for two days or placebo as outpatients prior to Induction of labour. The main outcome measured was change (improvement) in Bishops score. Published as abstract. |
| Klopper 1969 | Not an induction trial, but uterine activity study. ARM given and then intra‐amniotic oestriol sulphate at onset of labour to test if myometrial activity is modified. |
| Klopper 1973 | Uterine activity study. No pre‐specified outcomes reported. |
| Luther 1980 | Complex intervention. groups randomised to either 10 mg intramuscular estradiol valerate or placebo followed by oral prostaglandin E2. |
| Magnani 1986 | Report of two trials. First trial compares vaginal oestrogen with placebo, but no pre‐specified outcomes are reported. The second trial involves a complex intervention of oestrogen or placebo followed by extra‐amniotic prostaglandin 12 hours later. |
| Mamo 1994 | No pre‐specified outcomes reported. |
| Martin 1955 | IOL for failed abortion. |
| Moran 1994 | No prespecified outcomes reported. 28 women included, 17 received rectal estriol and 11 received placebo. The outcome was measurement of plasma progesterone levels. |
| Palmero 1997 | No pre‐specified outcomes reported. |
| Pedersen 1981 | No pre‐specified outcomes reported. |
| Peedicayil 1989 | Complex intervention, Both groups had extra‐amniotic Foley catheter (balloon inflated to 10mls) with either extra‐amniotic oestrogen or placebo. |
| Roztocil 1998 | Complex intervention. Second phase allocated on Bishops score. |
| Sasaki 1982 | Induction with Dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate versus placebo. |
| Stewart 1981 | Complex intervention. Both groups had extra‐amniotic Foley catheter (balloon inflated to 20 mls) with either extra‐amniotic oestrogen or placebo. |
| Thiery 1978 | No pre‐specified outcomes reported. |
| Thiery 1979 | Complex intervention. Both groups had extra‐amniotic Foley catheter (balloon inflated to 20 mls) with either extra‐amniotic oestrogen or placebo. |
| Williams 1988 | Indications for induction included fetal death. |
ARM = artificial rupture of the membranes IOL = induction of labour