Comparison 3. Trauma‐focused CBT/Exposure Therapy vs other therapies.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Severity of PTSD symptoms ‐ clinician	10	625	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.48 [‐0.83, ‐0.14]
2 Severity of PTSD symptoms ‐ clinician ‐ 1 ‐ 4 month follow‐up	8	548	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.34 [‐0.64, ‐0.04]
3 Severity of PTSD symptoms ‐ clinician ‐ 5 ‐ 8 month follow‐up	4	434	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.58 [‐1.20, 0.04]
4 Severity of PTSD symptoms ‐ clinician ‐ 9 ‐ 12 month follow‐up	2	90	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.76 [‐1.35, ‐0.17]
5 Leaving the study early for any reason	11	762	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.39 [1.01, 1.92]
6 Severity of PTSD symptoms ‐ self report	6	574	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.60 [‐1.15, ‐0.06]
7 Severity of PTSD symptoms ‐ self report ‐ follow‐up (1 ‐ 4 months)	5	526	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.29 [‐0.47, ‐0.12]
8 Severity of PTSD symptoms ‐ self‐report ‐ follow‐up (5 ‐ 8 months)	3	338	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.90 [‐2.05, 0.25]
9 Severity of PTSD symptoms ‐ self‐report ‐ follow‐up (9 ‐ 12 months)	2	90	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐2.66 [‐5.71, 0.38]
10 Depression ‐ self report	9	570	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.37 [‐0.63, ‐0.11]
11 Depression ‐ self‐report ‐ follow‐up (1‐4 months)	7	510	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.29 [‐0.62, 0.03]
12 Depression ‐ follow‐up (5‐8 months)	5	443	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.43 [‐0.87, 0.01]
13 Depression 9‐12 month follow up	1		Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	Totals not selected
14 Anxiety ‐ self report	7	539	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.45 [‐0.77, ‐0.12]
15 Anxiety ‐ self‐report ‐ follow‐up (1 ‐ 4 months)	5	454	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.33 [‐0.68, 0.02]
16 Anxiety ‐ follow‐up (5 ‐ 8 months)	2	329	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.56 [‐1.69, 0.58]
17 PTSD diagnosis after treatment	7	358	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.75 [0.59, 0.96]
18 Severity of PTSD symptoms ‐ clinician ‐ 13‐24 month follow‐up	1		Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	Totals not selected
19 Sensitivity analysis ‐ PTSD symptoms ‐ studies at low risk of bias only	1		Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	Totals not selected
20 Sensitivity analysis ‐ drop‐out ‐ studies at low risk of bias only	1		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Totals not selected
21 Subgroup analysis: severity of PTSD symptoms ‐ women‐only studies	3	129	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.03 [‐0.42, 0.47]
22 Subgroup analysis: severity of PTSD symptoms ‐ clinician ‐ excluding Vietnam veterans	9	599	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.46 [‐0.80, ‐0.11]