| Methods |
Randomised controlled trial |
| Participants |
23 road traffic accidents in Canada. 14 women, 6 men completed the study. It is unclear how many men and women entered the study originally |
| Interventions |
8 ‐ 10 hours CBT (n = 12) vs waitlist (n = 11) |
| Outcomes |
CAPS, IES, BDI, BAI |
| Notes |
Experienced therapists delivered therapy and treatment adherence was assessed |
| Risk of bias |
| Bias |
Authors' judgement |
Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) |
Low risk |
Quote: "participants were then randomly assigned to the treatment or WLC groups by the flip of a coin". |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) |
Unclear risk |
Comment: There is no mention of any measures taken to conceal allocation. |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias)
All outcomes |
High risk |
Comment: 2 participants dropped out of the treatment group and 1 dropped off the waitlist. Reasons for attrition are reported. Only the data of completers are included in the analysis. |
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) |
Low risk |
Comment: All specified outcomes were reported, although the lack of effect on the measure of depression is not divulged in the abstract. |
| Other bias |
High risk |
Comment: Small sample size. |
| Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias)
All outcomes |
High risk |
Comment: Participants were aware of their allocation. |
| Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias)
All outcomes |
Unclear risk |
Comment: Outcome measures were rated by an "independent assessor". |
