Skip to main content
. 2013 Dec 13;2013(12):CD003388. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003388.pub4

Hogberg 2007.

Methods Randomised controlled trial
Participants 24 transportation workers with DSM‐IV PTSD (19 men, 5 women) in Sweden.
Interventions EMDR (n = 13) vs waitlist (n = 11)
Outcomes GAF, HAM‐A, HAM‐D, IES, BAI
Notes Experienced therapists delivered therapy and treatment adherence was assessed.
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias) Low risk Quote "The randomisation was done by picking a sealed ballot in the presence of a research nurse who coordinated the study and followed the participants through all phases."
Allocation concealment (selection bias) Unclear risk Comment: The method of random sequence generation was not reported.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) 
 All outcomes High risk Quote: "We decided not to use an intention to treat analysis because there were no drop‐outs during EMDR".
Comment: 2 individuals dropped out of the waitlist group.
Selective reporting (reporting bias) Low risk Comment: All specified outcomes were reported.
Other bias High risk Comment: Small sample size.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) 
 All outcomes High risk Comment: Participants were aware of their allocation.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) 
 All outcomes Low risk Quote: "by a psychiatrist not otherwise engaged in the study and blind to the experimental condition of the participants."