Neuner 2008.
| Methods | Randomised controlled trial | |
| Participants | 277 Rwandan and Somalian refugees diagnosed with PTSD (142 women, 135 men) | |
| Interventions | NET (n = 111) vs trauma counselling (n = 111) vs monitoring (n = 55) (NET and monitoring included in meta‐analysis). | |
| Outcomes | PDS, DFMQ, SRQ‐20, SF‐12 | |
| Notes | Experienced therapists delivered therapy. Treatment adherence was not monitored, | |
| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Quote: "The participants were assigned to the groups in the following way: The list of participants was ordered randomly; the first 4 were consecutively assigned to the NET, TC, NET, and TC groups; and the fifth was assigned to the MG (monitoring) group. This procedure was repeated until all 277 participants were assigned." Comment: The method of random sequence generation was not reported. |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Comment: There is no mention of any measures taken to conceal allocation. |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Quote: "Aiming at an intention‐to‐treat analysis, we included in the outcome analysis all participants who were randomised. In anticipation of a high rate of missing data, we considered a last observation‐ carried‐forward procedure as too conservative. Instead we chose to apply mixed‐effects models that allow the inclusion of all available data without the arbitrary replacement or imputation of missing values." |
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Low risk | Comment: All specified outcomes were reported. |
| Other bias | Low risk | Comment: A large number of participants could not be located for follow‐up. |
| Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes | High risk | Comment: Participants were aware of their allocation. |
| Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Quote: "The participants who received treatment were reassessed 3 and 6 months later by the same local research assistants who had carried out the interviews for the survey. They were blind with respect to the particular treatment condition."` |