Verma 1987.

Methods	Single‐site study (UK) Single‐blind Method of randomization: NR Concealment of allocation: NR Duration of treatment: 90 minutes Follow‐up: Until hospitalization discharge
Participants	48 patients with acute left ventricular failure and blood pressure levels that met our threshold for this category of patients. Inclusion criteria ECG for transmural myocardial infarction Radiographic changes consistent with diagnosis of left ventricular failure Left ventricular filling pressure > 20 Systolic P >100 mmHg Exclusion criteria Sustained arrhythmias Valvular disease requiring surgery Base‐line characteristics for the 4 randomized groups Furosemide (F), n=12 Isosorbide dinitrate (I) n =12 Hydralazine (H), n =12 Prenalterol n=12 (this group is not considered any further, as this drug is not an anti‐hypertensive drug. It is a beta‐adrenergic agonist. Mean age in years ± sd . F= 57 I = 58 H = 56 Mean SBP ± sd F=117±4 I =131±8 H =134±6 Mean DBP ± sd F =73±4 I =75±3 H =77±3
Interventions	Furosemide 1 mg/kg IV bolus (N=12) Isosorbide dinitrate 50‐200 mcg/kg/h IV infusion (N=12) Hydralazine 0.15 mg/kg IV over 5 minutes (N=12) Target: to reduce mean arterial pressure 10 mm hg but not to reduce SBP < 100 mmHg. Mean dose administrated: Furosemide 84 mg Isosorbide dinitrate 11.8 mg [8.3‐15.6 ] Hydralazine= 12.8 mg [10.2‐16] Co‐interventions: all patients received 5 mg of intramuscular diamorphine
Outcomes	Outcomes obtained from this trial Total serious adverse events: not reported (NR) Mortality Isosorbide = 0/12 Furosemide=0/12 Hydralazine =1/12 Prenalterol=1/12 Total Non‐fatal cardiovascular events: NR Individual cardiovascular events: NR Withdrawals due to adverse events: NR Blood pressure: All data was obtained from table 2 page 41. The calculated weighted mean BP change was: Isosorbide: SBP‐8±24, DBP‐1.6±10.4 Furosemide: SBP 1±14, DBP1.3±10 Hydralazine: SBP‐4.3±17.3, DBP‐5±10 The standard deviation of the change was not reported but imputed from end point. Heart rate: All data was obtained from table 2 page 41. The calculated weighted mean HR change was: Isosorbide: 2.6±17.3 Furosemide: 2±17.3 Hydralazine: 8±20.8 The standard deviation of the change was not reported but imputed from end point.
Notes	Funding: Yorkshire Regional Hospital: West Riding Medical Research trust.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Allocation concealment?	Unclear risk	B ‐ Unclear