Table 2. Clinical characteristics of the patients with peripheral intravenous catheter-associated bloodstream infections.
Covariate | Full cohort (n = 99) |
Gram-negative infections (n = 60) |
Non-gram-negative infections (n = 39) |
---|---|---|---|
Age, median [IQR] | 67.00 [59.00, 74.00] | 67.00 [60.00, 74.00] | 65.00 [56.50, 73.00] |
Age ≥65 years | 59 (59.6) | 39 (65.0) | 20 (51.3) |
Male sex | 73 (73.7) | 46 (76.7) | 27 (69.2) |
Certainty of diagnosis | |||
Definite | 4 (4.0) | 3 (5.0) | 1 (2.6) |
Probable | 76 (76.8) | 51 (85.0) | 25 (64.1) |
Possible | 19 (19.2) | 6 (10.0) | 13 (33.3) |
Charlson comorbidity index, median [IQR] | 3.00 [2.00, 6.00] | 3.00 [2.00, 5.25] | 4.00 [2.00, 6.00] |
Types of malignancy | |||
Hematogical malignancy | 3 (3.0) | 1 (1.7) | 2 (5.1) |
Solid tumor | 96 (97) | 59 (98.3) | 37 (94.9) |
Neutropenia | 2 (2.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (5.1) |
Showering within the week of index blood culture | 32 (32.3) | 23 (38.3) | 9 (23.1) |
Duration of catherization, median days [IQR] | 5.00 [4.00, 7.00] | 5.00 [4.00, 7.00] | 5.00 [4.00, 7.00] |
Placement for ≥4 days | 80 (80.8) | 46 (76.7) | 34 (87.2) |
Infusate from peripheral intravenous catheter | |||
≥500 mL of fluid | 92 (92.9) | 57 (95.0) | 35 (89.7) |
Intravenous fat emulsion | 16 (16.2) | 10 (16.7) | 6 (15.4) |
Peripheral parenteral nutrition with amino acids | 70 (70.7) | 39 (65.0) | 31 (79.5) |
Local phlebitis | 81(81.8) | 55 (91.7) | 26 (66.7) |
Implementation of peripheral venous ultrasound | 11 (11.3) | 9 (15.3) | 2 (5.3) |
Septic thrombophlebitis (Definite) | 2 (2.0) | 2 (3.3) | 0 (0) |
Septic thrombophlebitis (Possible) | 8 (8.1) | 6 (10) | 2 (5.0) |
Complications of catheter-associated bloodstrem infections | |||
Infective endocarditis | 1 (1.0) | 1 (1.7) | 0 (0) |
Local cellulitis or subcutaneous abscess | 5 (5.1) | 2 (3.3) | 3 (7.7) |
Pitt bacteremia score, median [IQR] | 1.00 [0.00, 3.00] | 2.00 [1.00, 3.00] | 0.00 [0.00, 1.00] |
Pitt bacteremia score ≥2 | 45 (45.5) | 37 (61.7) | 8 (20.5) |
Duration of fever, median days [IQR] | 2.00 [1.00, 4.00] | 2.00 [1.00, 4.00] | 2.00 [1.25, 6.75] |
Implementation of follow-up blood cultures | 51 (51.5) | 25 (41.7) | 26 (66.7) |
Persistent bacteremia | 14 (14.1) | 7 (11.7) | 7 (17.9) |
Duration of appropriate antimicrobial treatment, median days [IQR] | 15.00 [13.00, 21.00] | 15.00 [13.00, 20.75] | 16.00 [10.50, 21.50] |
Duration of oral treatment, median days [IQR] | 0 [0, 10] | 5 [0, 10.25] | 0 [0, 8] |
Duration between index blood culture and initiation of appropriate treatment, median days [IQR] | 0.00 [0.00, 1.00] | 0.00 [0.00, 1.00] | 1.00 [0.00, 2.00] |
30-day crude mortality | 9 (9.1) | 5 (8.3) | 4 (10.3) |
IQR, interquartile range.
Data are No. (%) of patients unless otherwise indicated.