Skip to main content
. 2020 Jan 30;15(1):e0228396. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228396

Table 2. Clinical characteristics of the patients with peripheral intravenous catheter-associated bloodstream infections.

Covariate Full cohort
(n = 99)
Gram-negative infections
(n = 60)
Non-gram-negative infections
(n = 39)
Age, median [IQR] 67.00 [59.00, 74.00] 67.00 [60.00, 74.00] 65.00 [56.50, 73.00]
 Age ≥65 years 59 (59.6) 39 (65.0) 20 (51.3)
Male sex 73 (73.7) 46 (76.7) 27 (69.2)
Certainty of diagnosis
 Definite 4 (4.0) 3 (5.0) 1 (2.6)
 Probable 76 (76.8) 51 (85.0) 25 (64.1)
 Possible 19 (19.2) 6 (10.0) 13 (33.3)
Charlson comorbidity index, median [IQR] 3.00 [2.00, 6.00] 3.00 [2.00, 5.25] 4.00 [2.00, 6.00]
Types of malignancy
 Hematogical malignancy 3 (3.0) 1 (1.7) 2 (5.1)
 Solid tumor 96 (97) 59 (98.3) 37 (94.9)
Neutropenia 2 (2.0) 0 (0.0) 2 (5.1)
Showering within the week of index blood culture 32 (32.3) 23 (38.3) 9 (23.1)
Duration of catherization, median days [IQR] 5.00 [4.00, 7.00] 5.00 [4.00, 7.00] 5.00 [4.00, 7.00]
 Placement for ≥4 days 80 (80.8) 46 (76.7) 34 (87.2)
Infusate from peripheral intravenous catheter
 ≥500 mL of fluid 92 (92.9) 57 (95.0) 35 (89.7)
 Intravenous fat emulsion 16 (16.2) 10 (16.7) 6 (15.4)
 Peripheral parenteral nutrition with amino acids 70 (70.7) 39 (65.0) 31 (79.5)
Local phlebitis 81(81.8) 55 (91.7) 26 (66.7)
Implementation of peripheral venous ultrasound 11 (11.3) 9 (15.3) 2 (5.3)
 Septic thrombophlebitis (Definite) 2 (2.0) 2 (3.3) 0 (0)
 Septic thrombophlebitis (Possible) 8 (8.1) 6 (10) 2 (5.0)
Complications of catheter-associated bloodstrem infections
 Infective endocarditis 1 (1.0) 1 (1.7) 0 (0)
 Local cellulitis or subcutaneous abscess 5 (5.1) 2 (3.3) 3 (7.7)
Pitt bacteremia score, median [IQR] 1.00 [0.00, 3.00] 2.00 [1.00, 3.00] 0.00 [0.00, 1.00]
 Pitt bacteremia score ≥2 45 (45.5) 37 (61.7) 8 (20.5)
Duration of fever, median days [IQR] 2.00 [1.00, 4.00] 2.00 [1.00, 4.00] 2.00 [1.25, 6.75]
Implementation of follow-up blood cultures 51 (51.5) 25 (41.7) 26 (66.7)
 Persistent bacteremia 14 (14.1) 7 (11.7) 7 (17.9)
Duration of appropriate antimicrobial treatment, median days [IQR] 15.00 [13.00, 21.00] 15.00 [13.00, 20.75] 16.00 [10.50, 21.50]
 Duration of oral treatment, median days [IQR] 0 [0, 10] 5 [0, 10.25] 0 [0, 8]
Duration between index blood culture and initiation of appropriate treatment, median days [IQR] 0.00 [0.00, 1.00] 0.00 [0.00, 1.00] 1.00 [0.00, 2.00]
30-day crude mortality 9 (9.1) 5 (8.3) 4 (10.3)

IQR, interquartile range.

Data are No. (%) of patients unless otherwise indicated.