Table 1.
Participant demographics.
| Demographic Characteristics | NSSI (n = 28) | Controls (n = 22) |
|---|---|---|
| Age (mean years ± SD) | 17.53 ± 2.36 | 17.69 ± 2.26 |
| IQ (mean ± SD) | 105.78 ± 10.68 (n = 27) | 110.05 ± 9.43 (n = 20) |
| Right Handed – n (%)a | 24 (89%; n = 27) | 19 (100%; n = 19) |
| Ethnicity – n (%)b | ||
| White | 26 (93%) | 19 (86%) |
| African American | 1 (4%) | 1 (5%) |
| Hispanic | 3 (11%) | 0 |
| Asian | 0 | 2 (7%) |
| Other | 1 (4%) | 0 |
| Clinical Measures | ||
| DERS Total** | 119.17 ± 22.22 (n = 24) | 60.63 ± 9.39 (n = 19) |
| DERS Awareness** | 20.63 ± 6.35 (n = 24) | 12.26 ± 3.35 (n = 19) |
| DERS Clarity** | 16.69 ± 4.30 (n = 26) | 8.48 ± 1.66 (n = 21) |
| DERS Goals* | 17.92 ± 5.54 (n = 24) | 12.21 ± 4.72 (n = 19) |
| DERS Impulse** | 18.88 ± 5.91 (n = 24) | 7.54 ± 2.03 (n = 19) |
| DERS Nonacceptance** | 18.92 ± 6.21 (n = 24) | 9.11 ± 2.89 (n = 19) |
| DERS Strategies** | 26.29 ± 5.65 (n = 24) | 10.95 ± 3.10 (n = 19) |
| BIS Total** | 73.12 ± 10.47 (n = 26) | 57.24 ± 8.24 (n = 21) |
| BIS Attentional** | 21.00 ± 3.71 (n = 26) | 15.05 ± 3.07 (n = 21) |
| BIS Motor** | 24.31 ± 5.63 (n = 26) | 18.76 ± 3.86 (n = 21) |
| BIS Nonplanning* | 27.81 ± 3.67 (n = 26) | 23.43 ± 4.91 (n = 21) |
| PAI/PAI-A Borderline-Self Harm Subscale** | 64.88 ± 15.06 (n = 25) | 44.95 ± 11.49 (n = 19) |
| NSSI Characteristics | ||
| Age of first NSSI (mean ± SD) | 11.96 ± 3.03 (n = 27) | |
| Lifetime Cutting Episodes (mean ± SD) | 131.11 ± 195.43 | |
| Estimated Cutting Episodes per Week (mean ± SD)c | 0.75 ± 1.16 | |
| Duration (years) of NSSI (mean ± SD)d | 5.43 ± 3.85 (n = 27) | |
| Current Diagnoses – n (%)e | ||
| Major Depressive Disorder | 16 (57%) | |
| Depressive Disorder NOS | 5 (18%) | |
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder | 8 (29%) | |
| Anxiety Disorder NOS | 2 (7%) | |
| Social Phobia | 1 (4%) | |
| Specific Phobia | 3 (11%) | |
| Panic Disorder | 3 (11%) | |
| Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder | 5 (18%) | |
| Obsessive Compulsive Disorder | 2 (7%) | |
| Eating Disorder NOS | 1 (4%) | |
| ADHD | 2 (7%) | |
| Alcohol Dependence | 2 (7%) | |
| No Current Disorder | 5 (18%) | |
| Medications | ||
| Currently Medicated | 12 (43%) | |
| Antidepressants | 9 (32%) | |
| Stimulants | 2 (7%) | |
| Antipsychotics | 1 (4%) | |
| Antianxiety/Benzodiazepines | 4 (14%) | |
| Other Psychotropics | 1 (4%) | |
*p < .005.
**p < .001.
a
Post-hoc analyses indicated that differing handedness did not affect study findings.
b
Participants were able to endorse more than one option for ethnicity.
c
Consensus between ISAS and DSHI was calculated to determine average number of cutting episodes per week. These are pre-Winsorized scores.
d
Duration of NSSI calculated by subtracting age of first NSSI from current age.
e
Diagnoses include both primary and comorbid disorders.