TABLE 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients.
| Sex |
p-Value | ||
| Female (n = 22) | Male (n = 25) | ||
| Age (mean ± SD, years) | 54.5 ± 10.1 | 57.6 ± 17.3 | 0.135a |
| Handedness, number of patients (median EHI value) | 0.567b | ||
| Left (EHI < −25) | 3 (−50) | 4 (−75) | |
| Right (EHI > + 25) | 18 (100) | 18 (97.5) | |
| Ambidextrous (−25 < EHI < + 25) | 0 | 2 (0) | |
| Tumor location (number of patients) | 0.343b | ||
| Frontal | 5 | 6 | |
| Temporal | 9 | 13 | |
| Parietal | 3 | 1 | |
| Insula | 0 | 2 | |
| Occipital | 1 | 0 | |
| Frontotemporal | 2 | 0 | |
| Frontoparietal | 1 | 2 | |
| Frontoinsula | 0 | 1 | |
| Temporoparietal | 1 | 0 | |
| Tumor classification | 0.559b | ||
| GBM (recurrent GBM) | 15 (7) | 20 (8) | |
| Anaplastic astrocytoma | 2 | 3 | |
| AO (recurrent AO) | 3 (2) | 1 (0) | |
| Metastasis | 2 | 1 | |
| Tumor volume (median, IQR, cm3) | 23.1 (8.5–34.2) | 19.2 (9.9–48.8) | 0.874a |
| Language dominance | 0.611b | ||
| Left | 17 | 22 | |
| Right | 2 | 1 | |
| Bilateral | 3 | 2 | |
| Seizures, number of patients | 0.679b | ||
| No | 17 | 18 | |
| Unknown | 5 | 7 | |
| AED, number of patients | 0.291b | ||
| Yes | 10 | 17 | |
| No | 8 | 5 | |
| Unknown | 4 | 3 | |
aMann–Whitney U-test, bChi-Squared Test of sex differences. AED, anti-epileptic drug; AO, anaplastic oligodendrogliomas; EHI, Edinburgh Handedness Inventory; GBM, glioblastoma; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation. Language dominance was assessed by the clinical fMRI report (consisting of a qualitative assessment of the activation lateralization during language tasks in the entire brain, performed by a neuroradiologist). Seizures were tallied in the period of 24 h preceding the scan and the period of the scan.