Table 2.
Cognitive scores, white matter hyperintensities, and CSF LCN2 levels.
| n | MMSE (median score, min-max) | ARWMC (cohort 1) Fazekas (cohort 4) (median score, min-max) | Lipocalin 2 (mean pg/mL, SD) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cohort 1 | |||||
| AD | 47 | 17 (0–27), n = 35 | – | 691 ± 247 | |
| VaD | 27 | 19 (0–25), n = 21 | 12 (5–17), n = 23 | 2233 ± 1326 | |
| SID | 20 | 19 (0–25), n = 17 | 12 (5–16), n = 18 | 2232 ± 1340 | |
| MID | 5 | 17 (14–25), n = 3 | 12.5 (11–17), n = 4 | 2780 ± 1256 | |
| PSD | 2 | 16, n = 1 | 7, n = 1 | 870 ± 268 | |
| VCIND | 7 | 28 (26–29) | 12 (4–18) | 946 ± 366 | |
| SVDND | 20 | 28.5 (28–30) | 6 (3–19) | 753 ± 300 | |
| Cohort 2 | |||||
| AD | 15 | 20 (9–27), n = 14 | – | 660 ± 182 | |
| VaDa | 10 | 13 (5–24), n = 9 | NA | 1440 ± 979 | |
| SID | 1 | 21 | NA | 840 | |
| MID | 6 | 16 (5–24) | NA | 1853 ± 1092 | |
| PSD | 2 | 13 (13–13) | NA | 970 ± 127 | |
| Cohort 3 | |||||
| AD | 27 | 21 (11–30) | – | 709 ± 236 | |
| VaDb | 16 | 23.5 (12–28) | NA | 1381 ± 953 | |
| SID | 10 | 21.5 (14–28) | NA | 1298 ± 1087 | |
| MID | 2 | 22 (20–24) | NA | 2460 ± 56 | |
| Cohort 4 | |||||
| AD | 28 | 23 (15–28) | – | 634 ± 198 | |
| VaD | 10 | 21 (16–28) | 2 (1–3) | 1131 ± 481 | |
| SID | 7 | 26 (20–28) | 2 (1–3) | 1147 ± 512 | |
| MID | 3 | 18 (16–24) | 1 (1–2) | 1093 ± 502 | |
| VCIND | 8 | 26 (22–28) | 2 (1–2) | 845 ± 277 | |
| SVDND | 3 | 29 (28–30) | 2 (2–4) | 613 ± 258 | |
a1 case data not available to determine type of VaD pathology.
b4 cases data not available to determine type of VaD pathology.
n number of cases, AD Alzheimer’s disease, VaD vascular dementia, SID subcortical ischemic vascular dementia, MID mulit-infarct cortical dementia, PSD post-(single)stroke dementia, SVDND small vessel disease no dementia, VCIND vascular cognitive impairment no dementia.